{"id":56995,"date":"2023-09-20T08:50:06","date_gmt":"2023-09-20T08:50:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/?p=56995"},"modified":"2023-09-20T08:50:06","modified_gmt":"2023-09-20T08:50:06","slug":"hena-eshte-nje-mesuese-e-rrepte","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/2023\/09\/20\/hena-eshte-nje-mesuese-e-rrepte\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00ebna \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebsuese e rrept\u00eb"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Gushti ka qen\u00eb muaji i H\u00ebn\u00ebs. Pas uljes s\u00eb d\u00ebshtuar t\u00eb nj\u00eb sonde ruse, ka qen\u00eb radha e Indis\u00eb e arritur me sukses n\u00eb polin jugor h\u00ebnor dhe n\u00eb fund duhej t\u00eb ngrihej, m\u00eb pas i shtyr\u00eb prej motit t\u00eb keq, nj\u00eb mision japonez. N\u00eb gar\u00ebn p\u00ebr H\u00ebn\u00ebn ka pasur nj\u00eb t\u00eb munguar t\u00eb pajustifikuar: Europa. Opinioni i inxhinierit dhe i ekspertit aerohap\u00ebsinor Marcello Spagnulo.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb vitet Gjasht\u00ebdhjet\u00eb Robert Heinlein botoi \u201cH\u00ebna \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebsuese e rrept\u00eb\u201d, nj\u00eb prej romaneve m\u00eb t\u00eb mira t\u00eb fantashkenc\u00ebs q\u00eb tregon rebelimin e kolon\u00ebve q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb dhe punojn\u00eb n\u00eb qytete t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuara n\u00ebn sip\u00ebrfaqen h\u00ebnore n\u00eb vitin 2075. Por jeta e tyre \u00ebsht\u00eb e eg\u00ebr dhe e ashp\u00ebr si prej kushteve mjedisore armiq\u00ebsore, ashtu edhe prej dominimit despotik t\u00eb tok\u00ebsor\u00ebve q\u00eb nxjerrin l\u00ebnd\u00eb t\u00eb para p\u00ebr t\u00eb plot\u00ebsuar nevojat e planetit t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb thuajse i pabanuesh\u00ebm prej mbipopullimit. Pasi kan\u00eb bombarduar Tok\u00ebn me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat katapulta magnetike me t\u00eb cilat d\u00ebrgojn\u00eb materialet e nxjerra nga H\u00ebna, kolon\u00ebt n\u00eb fund sigurojn\u00eb pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe mund t\u00eb synojn\u00eb t\u00eb jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb autonomi jet\u00ebn n\u00ebntok\u00ebsore t\u00eb tyre. Ja q\u00eb titulli i k\u00ebtij artikulli d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb sjell\u00eb n\u00eb v\u00ebmendje romanin e Heinlein, jo edhe aq prej ngjashm\u00ebrive hipotetike perspektive midis distopis\u00eb fantastiko \u2013 shkencore dhe entuziazmit aktual p\u00ebr misionet h\u00ebnore t\u00eb korrigjuara nga deklarimi i pamunguesh\u00ebm apodiktik \u201cpo kthehemi p\u00ebr t\u00eb q\u00ebndruar\u201d sesa m\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb n\u00ebnvizuar sesi sateliti natyral i tyre p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson sot emblem\u00ebn e ambicieve t\u00eb zvjerdhura hap\u00ebsinore europiane.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb pes\u00eb vitet e fundit tet\u00eb lander\u00eb jan\u00eb d\u00ebrguar n\u00eb H\u00ebn\u00eb, tre kan\u00eb arritur n\u00eb destinacion me sukses (dy kinez\u00eb dhe nj\u00eb indian), nd\u00ebrsa pes\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb (Izrael, Japoni, Emiratet e Bashkuara Arabe, Rusi dhe Indi) nuk kan\u00eb arritur n\u00eb destinacion. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn periudh\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara kan\u00eb d\u00ebrguar shtat\u00eb orbiter\u00eb, prej t\u00eb cil\u00ebve kat\u00ebr pa sukses, dhe kan\u00eb realizuar misionin e par\u00eb ARTEMIS \u2013 nj\u00eb duke v\u00ebn\u00eb bazat p\u00ebr programin h\u00ebnor t\u00eb dekad\u00ebs s\u00eb ardhshme. M\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb gar\u00eb p\u00ebr H\u00ebn\u00ebn n\u00eb kuptimin e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb fjal\u00ebs ku ka r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi kush arrin i pari, do t\u00eb duhej t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr nj\u00eb maraton\u00eb me shum\u00eb konkurrent\u00eb ku ka r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi se kush arrin, edhe me koston e mossukseseve fillestare. Ama midis konkurrent\u00ebve t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm mungon Europa. Sigurisht, Agjencia Hap\u00ebsinore Europiane (ESA) bashk\u00ebpunon me NASA n\u00eb programin ARTEMIS dhe industria europiane realizon element\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm si ESM, moduli i sh\u00ebrbimit t\u00eb kapsul\u00ebs ORION, ose HALO (Habitation and Logistics Outpost), ESPRIT (European System Providing Refueling, Infrastructure and Telecommunications) dhe I \u2013 HAB (International Habitation Module) t\u00eb gjith\u00eb p\u00ebr Lunar Gateway. Por b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr element\u00eb <em>self-standing<\/em> t\u00eb prodhuara si kontribut p\u00ebr programin amerikan, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb krejt\u00ebsisht t\u00eb ngjashme me sa \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb deri m\u00eb tani p\u00ebr Stacionin Hap\u00ebsinor Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar (ISS).<\/p>\n<p>Faktikisht, Europa nuk e ka nj\u00eb program t\u00eb sajin p\u00ebr nj\u00eb sistem autonom, robotik apo <em>human-rated<\/em>, t\u00eb aksesit dhe t\u00eb q\u00ebndrimit n\u00eb orbit\u00eb tok\u00ebsore, cish\u00ebnore, aq m\u00eb pak t\u00eb zgjatimit apo t\u00eb eksplorimit hap\u00ebsinor. Nd\u00ebrsa Shtetet e Bashkuara, Rusia, Kina, India, Japonia, Izraeli dhe deri Emiratet e Bashkuara Arabe, vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb cituar disa, jan\u00eb t\u00eb impenjuar prej vitesh q\u00eb t\u00eb realizoj\u00eb projekte marsiane apo h\u00ebnore, megjith\u00ebse me t\u00eb gjitha dimensionet e natyrshme t\u00eb ndryshme, Bashkimi Europian \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrq\u00ebndruar n\u00eb projekte aplikuese dhe misione shkencore t\u00eb sofistikuara, projekte t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, por me impakt relativ mediatik. Deri misioni planetar europian kryesor, EXOMARS, ka nxjerr\u00eb n\u00eb drit\u00eb munges\u00ebn e autonomis\u00eb strategjike t\u00eb Bashkimit Europian. Duhej t\u00eb nisej nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb par\u00eb me nj\u00eb raket\u00eb ruse, n\u00eb fakt do t\u00eb rifilitet ndoshta n\u00eb vitin 2028. Zbarkimi i fundit n\u00eb H\u00ebn\u00eb i sond\u00ebs Chandrayaan ka qen\u00eb faktikisht p\u00ebr Indin\u00eb nj\u00eb simbol, prova e vler\u00ebs s\u00eb nj\u00eb kontinenti t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb dhe fruti i nj\u00eb pune disadekad\u00ebshe. N\u00eb selin\u00eb e Bangalore t\u00eb agjencis\u00eb hap\u00ebsinore ISRO jan\u00eb paraqitur fotografit\u00eb e inxhinier\u00ebve t\u00eb par\u00eb indian\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb vitet Gjasht\u00ebdhjet\u00eb transportonin pjes\u00eb t\u00eb raketave vektor\u00eb n\u00eb pjes\u00ebt e prapme t\u00eb bi\u00e7ikletave dhe m\u00eb von\u00eb, pas lan\u00e7imeve t\u00eb para q\u00eb rregullisht p\u00ebrfundonin n\u00eb det, ktheheshin gjithmon\u00eb me bi\u00e7ikleta n\u00ebp\u00ebr laborator\u00eb p\u00ebr ta rinisur pun\u00ebn e tyre.<\/p>\n<p>Qysh at\u00ebhere \u00ebsht\u00eb rr\u00ebnjosur tek politikan\u00ebt indian\u00eb objektivi i k\u00ebrkimit t\u00eb autonomis\u00eb teknologjike dhe p\u00ebrparimit shkencor t\u00eb cilit i jepet nj\u00eb vler\u00eb krenarie komb\u00ebtare dhe natyrisht edhe i nj\u00eb leve gjeopolitike. Fprcat e armatosura indiane jan\u00eb zakonisht t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshira gjithmon\u00eb n\u00eb aktivitetet hap\u00ebsinore t\u00eb ISRO. Kur n\u00eb vitin 2014 India u b\u00eb vendi i kat\u00ebrt n\u00eb bot\u00eb q\u00eb arriti Marsin pas Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara, Rusis\u00eb dhe Europ\u00ebs \u2013 e cila p\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr kishte arritur duke u ngritur nga Baikonour mbi nj\u00eb vektor SOYUZ \u2013 kryeministri Narendra Modi, jo pa ironi, deklaroi se sonda Mangalyaan kishte kushtuar m\u00eb pak nga sa kishte shpenzuar industria kinematografike e Hollywood p\u00ebr t\u00eb realizuar filmin \u201cGravity\u201d i dal\u00eb po at\u00eb vit. P\u00ebr sakt\u00ebsi, misioni ishte parashikuar t\u00eb zgjaste 6 muaj, por ka funksionuar p\u00ebr 8 vjet. Por duke u kthyer n\u00eb ngritjen e fundit, ka pasur kritika, si\u00e7 n\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn, p\u00ebr faktin se eksplorimi i hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs do t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb shpull\u00eb ndaj etik\u00ebs sociale t\u00eb nj\u00eb vendi si India, i paaft\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00ebsonte nevojat par\u00ebsore t\u00eb pjes\u00ebs m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb, por duhet konsideruar se ky kontinent i populluar n\u00eb rritje t\u00eb madhe demografike d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb afirmohet si nj\u00eb fuqi ekonomike e gjeopolitike, dhe tradita e rr\u00ebnjosur e ekselenc\u00ebs shkencore dhe teknologjike po zbulohet nj\u00eb shtyll\u00eb e ngjitjes s\u00eb saj, duke i ofruar nj\u00eb model kombeve t\u00eb vogla q\u00eb aspirojn\u00eb t\u2019i ndjekin gjurm\u00ebt.<\/p>\n<p>Sigurisht q\u00eb kjo rritje paraqet ende karaktere t\u00eb pabarazis\u00eb s\u00eb zgjeruar, por \u00ebsht\u00eb leva gjeopolitike ajo q\u00eb e b\u00ebn urgjente. Kina \u00ebsht\u00eb tek dyert dhe India me nj\u00eb qasje diplomatike t\u00eb paangazhuar duhet t\u00eb bilancoj\u00eb af\u00ebrsin\u00eb e saj me Shtetet e Bashkuara dhe lidhjet e thella t\u00eb saj me Rusin\u00eb, megjith\u00ebse duke ruajtur fluksin e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm komercial me Pekinin. P\u00ebr vet\u00eb Indin\u00eb pik\u00ebrisht hap\u00ebsira \u00ebsht\u00eb prova e nj\u00eb miksture suksesesh komb\u00ebtare, t\u00eb aderimit n\u00eb projektin ARTEMIS t\u00eb NASA dhe nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb t\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarrjes n\u00eb komunitetin e BRICS, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt n\u00eb maj kan\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruar nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje bashk\u00ebpunimi p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndar\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna v\u00ebzhgimi satelitor midis agjencive hap\u00ebsinore respektive. N\u00eb drit\u00ebn e gjith\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, suksesi hap\u00ebsinor i New Delhi \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebsim i qart\u00eb i radh\u00ebs p\u00ebr europian\u00ebt. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, pavar\u00ebsisht nj\u00eb presioni n\u00eb rritje me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb Bahskimi Europian t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunoj\u00eb nj\u00eb vizion hap\u00ebsinor n\u00eb gjendje q\u00eb t\u00eb kap\u00eb imagjinat\u00ebn e qytetar\u00ebve, nuk duket e sigurt\u00eb q\u00eb situata t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb shpejt. Bashkimi Europian me 27 shtete vuan diferenca t\u00eb shumta politile t\u00eb strategjis\u00eb dhe sidomos nj\u00eb friksion n\u00eb rritje t\u00eb bllokut shtyt\u00ebs franko \u2013 gjerman. ESA me 22 shtete an\u00ebtare i \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shembull i m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm: Franca, Gjermania dhe Italia t\u00eb vetme furnizojn\u00eb 60% t\u00eb buxhetit, \u00ebsht\u00eb e natyrshme q\u00eb vendimet strategjike duhet t\u00eb kalojn\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr k\u00ebto vende dhe n\u00ebse midis tyre nuk jan\u00eb dakord gjith\u00e7ka ngadal\u00ebsohet, nd\u00ebrsa pjesa tjet\u00ebr e bot\u00ebs vrapon.<\/p>\n<p>Shum\u00eb elokuent n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kuptim nj\u00eb artikull i botuar n\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrditshmen franceze <em>Le Figaro<\/em> m\u00eb 24 gushtin ku ve\u00e7 t\u00eb tjerash lexohet \u201c\u2026eksplorimi i H\u00ebn\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb indikator p\u00ebr t\u00eb njohur p\u00ebrparimin e kombeve n\u00eb fush\u00ebn hap\u00ebsinore dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb pik\u00ebnisje p\u00ebr eksplorimin e sistemit diellor. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kuptim. Stacioni Hap\u00ebsinor Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar ka qen\u00eb nj\u00eb humbje kohe. Europa i ka mjetet p\u00ebr t\u00eb konkurruar me fuqit\u00eb e tjera hap\u00ebsinore, por nuk e ka d\u00ebshir\u00ebn ta b\u00ebj\u00eb. Do t\u00eb dinte si t\u00eb zhvillonte nj\u00eb program hap\u00ebsinor n\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00ebm, duke i d\u00ebrguar astronaut\u00ebt n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb, por ka hequr dor\u00eb nga vitet Tet\u00ebdhjet\u00eb. Europa nuk ka dashur t\u00eb rrezikoj\u00eb, pas nuk ndjehej e gatshme p\u00ebr ta pranuar nj\u00eb d\u00ebshtim t\u00eb mundsh\u00ebm. Projekti i anijes hap\u00ebsinore europiane HERMES qe nj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje, n\u00ebn egjid\u00ebn franceze, ndaj programeve amerikane, por Gjermania i k\u00ebrkoi Franc\u00ebs t\u00eb ndalej n\u00eb momentin e firmosjes s\u00eb Marr\u00ebveshjes s\u00eb Maastricht, pas nuk e pranonte predominimin francez n\u00eb program\u2026\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Tani, p\u00ebrtej ndarjes apo jo, totale apo t\u00eb pjesshme, i tezave t\u00eb artikullit t\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrditshme s\u00eb P\u00ebrtejalpeve mbetet fakti q\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjet bien mbi butonat e dhimbshme dhe, p\u00ebr pasoj\u00eb, duke u kthyer tek e tashmja, \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb e dobishme t\u00eb mbahet n\u00eb mendje e kaluara. N\u00eb muajin n\u00ebntor \u00ebsht\u00eb parashikuar nj\u00eb Space Summit, fuqimisht i d\u00ebshiruar nga Elizeu, midis ministrave me delegimin e hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs ku do t\u00eb flitet p\u00ebr at\u00eb vizion strategjik p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen e Bashkimit Europian. Eksploraimi robotik dhe njer\u00ebzor, 9 stacione hap\u00ebsinore dhe nj\u00eb l\u00ebshues n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb transportoj\u00eb astronaut\u00eb do t\u00eb jen\u00eb tema qendrore dhe ndoshta leximi i disa klasik\u00ebve t\u00eb fantashkenc\u00ebs, bashk\u00eb me dosjet p\u00ebrgatitore p\u00ebr Space Summit, mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb stimuli p\u00ebr nj\u00eb ndryshim strategjie t\u00eb uruar.<\/p>\n<p>(nga <em>Formiche<\/em>)<\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u00ebrgatiti<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>ARMIN TIRANA<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gushti ka qen\u00eb muaji i H\u00ebn\u00ebs. Pas uljes s\u00eb d\u00ebshtuar t\u00eb nj\u00eb sonde ruse, ka qen\u00eb radha e Indis\u00eb e arritur me sukses n\u00eb polin jugor h\u00ebnor dhe n\u00eb fund duhej t\u00eb ngrihej, m\u00eb pas i shtyr\u00eb prej motit t\u00eb keq, nj\u00eb mision japonez. N\u00eb gar\u00ebn p\u00ebr H\u00ebn\u00ebn ka pasur nj\u00eb t\u00eb munguar t\u00eb pajustifikuar: &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":56996,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56995"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=56995"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56995\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/56996"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=56995"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=56995"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=56995"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}