{"id":37120,"date":"2023-02-13T10:44:23","date_gmt":"2023-02-13T10:44:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/?p=37120"},"modified":"2023-02-13T10:44:23","modified_gmt":"2023-02-13T10:44:23","slug":"uje-ka-por-jo-per-te-gjithe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/2023\/02\/13\/uje-ka-por-jo-per-te-gjithe\/","title":{"rendered":"Uj\u00eb ka, por jo p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>N\u00eb rajonin kilian t\u00eb Valpara\u00edso that\u00ebsira shkakton racionime dhe probleme p\u00ebr banor\u00ebt. P\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsia \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe e nj\u00eb sistemi q\u00eb privilegjon kultivuesit e m\u00ebdhenj.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u201cMe leje\u201d, thot\u00eb Ver\u00f3nica Vilches duke ecur n\u00eb shtratin e lumit La Ligua, krejt\u00ebsisht t\u00eb thar\u00eb. Flet me lulet e egra q\u00eb jan\u00eb rritur fal\u00eb shirave t\u00eb k\u00ebtij dimri. N\u00ebn diellin e zjarrt\u00eb dhe er\u00ebs q\u00eb nuk ndalet t\u00eb Cabildo, nj\u00eb qytet i vog\u00ebl n\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb Kilit, Vilches ec\u00ebn p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb nj\u00eb shtegu ku shum\u00eb vite m\u00eb par\u00eb uji rridhte me forc\u00eb. Nj\u00eb vend ku gjat\u00eb ver\u00ebs familjet b\u00ebnin banj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u rifreskuar dhe turist\u00ebt hapnin \u00e7adrat n\u00eb breg. Tani \u00ebsht\u00eb ver\u00eb dhe nuk ka asnj\u00eb pik\u00eb uj\u00eb: ka vet\u00ebm gur\u00eb dhe ndonj\u00eb gjurm\u00eb t\u00eb izoluar vegjetacioni. Nd\u00ebrsa Cabildo thahet, kodrinat p\u00ebrreth shk\u00eblqejn\u00eb nga e gjelb\u00ebra e plantacioneve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb avokados, t\u00eb kultivuara kryesisht p\u00ebr eksport n\u00eb Europ\u00eb. \u201cNuk ka nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb ekspert p\u00ebr t\u00eb folur p\u00ebr realitetin n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin jetojm\u00eb\u201d, thot\u00eb gruaja. Jemi n\u00eb epiqendr\u00ebn e kriz\u00ebs ujore n\u00eb Kili: provinca Petorca n\u00eb rajonin Valpara\u00edso.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb 12 vitet e fundit Kili ka p\u00ebrjetuar nj\u00eb that\u00ebsir\u00eb t\u00eb paprecedent, sidomos n\u00eb zonat qendrore dhe jugore. Nga 2010 \u00ebsht\u00eb regjistruar nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie konstante e reshjeve. Temperaturat jan\u00eb rritur dhe shkret\u00ebtira ka avancuar nga veriu drejt qendr\u00ebs. 2019 dhe 2021 kan\u00eb qen\u00eb dy vite superthat\u00ebsie. Sot rreth 6 milion njer\u00ebz kan\u00eb probleme furnizimi me uj\u00eb t\u00eb pijsh\u00ebm (sipas censimentit t\u00eb 2017, n\u00eb Kili jetojn\u00eb 17.5 milion banor\u00eb). N\u00eb 2019 World Resources Institute ka p\u00ebrcaktuar se n\u00eb termat e stresit ujor vendi \u00ebsht\u00eb i 18 n\u00eb bot\u00eb dhe i pari n\u00eb kontinentin amerikan. Ekspert\u00ebt nuk jan\u00eb optimist\u00eb: n\u00eb vitet e ardhshme Kili do t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb t\u00eb ket\u00eb mang\u00ebsi p\u00ebr uj\u00eb. Efektet e \u00e7far\u00ebdo zgjidhjeje do t\u00eb shikohen n\u00eb perspektiv\u00eb dhe nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb do t\u00eb rriten racionimet, nd\u00ebrprerjet me furnizim dhe kamion\u00ebt \u00e7istern\u00eb. K\u00ebto masa jan\u00eb zbatuar tashm\u00eb n\u00eb disa lokalitete t\u00eb rajoni Valpara\u00edso. Shtetit kilian i ka munguar ndjenja e urgjenc\u00ebs dhe tani \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb von\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>Kriza ujore nuk shpjegohet vet\u00ebm me ndryshimet klimaterike, por edhe me k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe p\u00ebr uj\u00eb t\u00eb sektor\u00ebve prodhues si silvikultura, bujq\u00ebsia dhe industria minerare. K\u00ebsaj i shtohet nj\u00eb model i pap\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm me kushtet kritike t\u00eb vendit: n\u00eb Kili e drejta e shfryt\u00ebzimit t\u00eb ujit i p\u00ebrket privat\u00ebve. E p\u00ebrcakton kushtetuta e vitit 1980 dhe Kodi i Ujit i nj\u00eb viti m\u00eb pas. Si\u00e7 e shpjegon Pablo Jaeger, profesor i s\u00eb Drejt\u00ebs s\u00eb Ujit i Universitetit t\u00eb Kilit, kushtetuta kiliane parashikon se t\u00eb drejtat e shfryt\u00ebzimit mund t\u00eb anullohen \u2013 dometh\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb shiten apo transferohen \u2013 nga pronar\u00ebt e tyre (bujq, minator\u00eb, kompani sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore apo kushdo q\u00eb e p\u00ebrdor ujin n\u00eb aktivitete prodhuese) pa nd\u00ebrhyrjen e shtetit. T\u00eb drejtat e shfryt\u00ebzimit e ujit t\u00eb nj\u00eb lumi, t\u00eb nj\u00eb burimi apo t\u00eb nj\u00eb vendburimi n\u00ebntok\u00ebsor, t\u00eb dh\u00ebna falas nga Ministria e Pun\u00ebve Publike n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet Drejtoris\u00eb s\u00eb P\u00ebgjithshme t\u00eb Uj\u00ebrave (DGA), jan\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrjetsh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb transferuesh\u00ebm trash\u00ebgimtar\u00ebve. N\u00eb 2022 reforma e Kodit t\u00eb Ujit ka p\u00ebrcaktuar se t\u00eb drejtat vlejn\u00eb 30 vjet.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pronar\u00eb tokash<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Vilches ka lindur n\u00eb Cabildo. \u00cbsht\u00eb rritur n\u00eb fshat, n\u00eb mes t\u00eb natyr\u00ebs, dhe qysh f\u00ebmij\u00eb e ka mbrojtur t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e ujit. Sot \u00ebsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb e l\u00ebvizjes Secas, defensoras de las aguas. Ajo dhe familja e saj jetojn\u00eb me 50 litra uj\u00eb n\u00eb dit\u00eb q\u00eb jan\u00eb ekuivalent me rreth 10 minuta dush. K\u00ebrkon t\u2019ia kaloj\u00eb si mundet: b\u00ebn pastrimet, zbardh sht\u00ebpit\u00eb apo mban n\u00eb rregull ndonj\u00eb kish\u00eb. N\u00eb Cabildo dhe n\u00eb zonat rurale p\u00ebrreth uji vjen me kamion\u00eb \u00e7istern\u00eb. N\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn shikoheshin pula, kuaj, lop\u00eb, dho dhe qingja t\u00eb kullosnin n\u00ebp\u00ebr kodrina, por praktikisht t\u00eb gjitha kafsh\u00ebt kan\u00eb ngordhur nga etja. P\u00ebrpara njer\u00ebzit kultivonin fruta dhe zarzavate, kurse tani, pa uj\u00eb, nuk kultivohen m\u00eb asgj\u00eb. \u201cDuhet v\u00ebn\u00eb menjan\u00eb uji dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret me maturi. Nj\u00eb dit\u00eb lanim rrobat, nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr b\u00ebnim dush apo laheshim vet\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur shp\u00ebrdorimet. Na mbetet vet\u00ebn uji n\u00ebntok\u00ebsor i lumit, pasi n\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqe nuk ka m\u00eb asgj\u00eb. Problemet kan\u00eb filluar n\u00eb vitet \u201990 me ardhjen e pronar\u00ebve t\u00eb tokave. Midis sht\u00ebpive dhe dyqaneve t\u00eb rrug\u00ebs kryesore t\u00eb Chincolco, n\u00eb komun\u00ebn Petorca, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb bar.<\/p>\n<p>Pronar\u00ebt Gerardo Castillo, Erika Figueroa dhe lideri i komunitetit vendor Gilberto Tapia jan\u00eb ulur rreth nj\u00eb tavoline bosh. \u201cPronar\u00ebt e tokave na kan\u00eb hequr vegjetacionin autokton p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbjell\u00eb pem\u00ebt e avokadove n\u00eb an\u00ebt e kodrave. Kan\u00eb thar\u00eb vendburimet ujore dhe nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb shirat jan\u00eb pak\u00ebsuar. Me drenime dhe puse, merrnin edhe ujin q\u00eb vinte nga lumi n\u00eb dim\u00ebr\u201d, thot\u00eb 60 vje\u00e7ari Castillo. \u201cQysh kur kompanit\u00eb kan\u00eb filluar t\u00eb blejn\u00eb terrene p\u00ebr plantacionet e tyre t\u00eb avokados, pem\u00ebt vendase q\u00eb mbanin ekosistemin jan\u00eb thar\u00eb\u201d, thot\u00eb 72 vje\u00e7ari Tapia, q\u00eb ishte pjes\u00eb e l\u00ebvizjes p\u00ebr Mbrojtjen e Ujit, Tok\u00ebs dhe Mbrojtjen Mjedisore (Modatima). Castillo dhe Tapia flasin p\u00ebr \u201cethe t\u00eb arit t\u00eb gjelb\u00ebr\u201d: i referohen ardhjes s\u00eb industris\u00eb agroushqimore n\u00eb provinc\u00ebn Petorca n\u00eb fundvitet \u201890. T\u00eb t\u00ebrhequr nga klima e ngroht\u00eb e zon\u00ebs, bujqit e m\u00ebdhenj blen\u00eb mij\u00ebra hektar\u00eb terren n\u00ebp\u00ebr kodrina, u b\u00ebn\u00eb pronar\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb ujit dhe mboll\u00ebm avokado. Dhjetorin e kalua shkolla \u201cFernando Garc\u00eda Oldini\u201d n\u00eb lokalitetin Hierro Viejo, ka nd\u00ebrprer\u00eb leksionet p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb shkurtimeve t\u00eb furnizimit me uj\u00eb. \u201cN\u00eb Petorca jo vet\u00ebm shkelet e drejta njer\u00ebzore e ujit, por edhe n\u00eb ato t\u00eb ar\u00ebsimit. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e papranueshme. Problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb strukturor\u201d, i ka deklaruar drejtori i shkoll\u00ebs Nicol\u00e1s Quiroz s\u00eb p\u00ebrditshmes \u201cResumen\u201d. \u201cQ\u00ebniet njer\u00ebzore kan\u00eb akaparuar ujin\u201d, pohon 52 vje\u00e7ari Figueroa, i ulur n\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb tavolin\u00ebs. \u201cKemi humbur tashm\u00eb besimin tek autoritetet, duke par\u00eb se askush nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb marr\u00eb me Petorca\u201d, i b\u00ebn jehon\u00eb Tapia.<\/p>\n<p>Kili \u00ebsht\u00eb vendi prodhues i tret\u00eb n\u00eb bot\u00eb p\u00ebr avokadon, prapa Meksik\u00ebs dhe Perus\u00eb. Sipas censimentit t\u00eb frutave 2020, n\u00eb rajonin Valpara\u00edso p\u00ebrq\u00ebndrohet m\u00eb shum\u00eb se gjysma e plantacioneve komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb avokados, 67.2% e t\u00eb cilave \u00ebsht\u00eb e destinuar p\u00ebr eksport. N\u00eb provinc\u00ebn Petorca, zona e dyt\u00eb e prodhimit t\u00eb avokados t\u00eb Kilit, nga 8134 hektar\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr kultivim, 5078 jan\u00eb t\u00eb destinuar p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb frut, lexohet n\u00eb censiment. Megjithat\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e dh\u00ebna nga Komiteti Kilian p\u00ebr Avokadon, nj\u00eb shoqat\u00eb e pavarur q\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson kultivuesit dhe treg\u00ebtar\u00ebt, tregojn\u00eb se n\u00eb provinc\u00eb sot ka 2539 hektar\u00eb me pem\u00eb avokadoje, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb 8.7% e totalit komb\u00ebtar. P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb that\u00ebsir\u00ebs sip\u00ebrfaqja e mbjell\u00eb n\u00eb Petorca \u00ebsht\u00eb reduktuar me t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 50% n\u00eb 3 vitet e fundit.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cN\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb provinc\u00eb resurset ujore vijn\u00eb vet\u00ebm nga reshjet\u201d, pohon komiteti n\u00eb nj\u00eb email. \u201cN\u00eb 40 vitet e fundit reshjet jan\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se p\u00ebrgjysmuar, por kriza ujore varet edhe nga moskujdesi i shtetit. Uji p\u00ebr konsum njer\u00ebzor do t\u00eb ishte, ama problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb se mungesa e infrastrukturave ujore publike p\u00ebr t\u2019i garantuar komunitetit aksesin tek uji. Bujqit kan\u00eb investuar n\u00eb infrastrukturat e nevojshme p\u00ebr kultivimet, duke u b\u00ebr\u00eb autonom\u00eb nga sh\u00ebrbimet sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore rurale (SSR), nd\u00ebrsa shteti nuk i ka b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebto investime. Politika publike p\u00ebr ujin e pijsh\u00ebm n\u00eb zonat rurale ka d\u00ebshtuar p\u00ebrball\u00eb that\u00ebsir\u00ebs\u201d. SSR jan\u00eb sistemet komunitare e ujit t\u00eb pijsh\u00ebm, nga e cila varet 9% e popullsis\u00eb kiliane dhe q\u00eb menaxhohen nga kush i p\u00ebrdor. Shteti u jep familjeve nj\u00eb pus, nj\u00eb pomp\u00eb p\u00ebr ta nxjerr\u00eb ujin dhe infrastruktur\u00ebn e nevojshme p\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb pijsh\u00ebm, pastaj jan\u00eb vet\u00eb banor\u00ebt q\u00eb garantojn\u00eb se t\u00eb gjith\u00eb kan\u00eb akses tek uji dhe paguajn\u00eb p\u00ebr shfryt\u00ebzimin e tij. Por n\u00eb shum\u00eb zona puset jan\u00eb t\u00eb thara dhe banor\u00ebt duhet t\u00eb blejn\u00eb ujin nga kamion\u00ebt. Ajo q\u00eb ndodh n\u00eb Petorca p\u00ebrs\u00ebritet n\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl edhe n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb vendit. Derikur zhvillimi ekonomik do t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmi i njer\u00ebzve, \u00e7do zon\u00eb \u2013 bujq\u00ebsore, pyllore apo minerare \u2013 mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin fat. \u00cbsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm \u00e7\u00ebshtje kohe, shpjegon Mar\u00eda Christina Fragkou, hulumtuese mjedisore n\u00eb Universitetin e Kilit.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pak kontrolle<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u201cD\u00ebgjo\u201d, thot\u00eb Vilches, \u201cjan\u00eb uj\u00ebra n\u00ebntok\u00ebsore dhe ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb pus i paligjsh\u00ebm. Disa puse jan\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 100 metra. Uji ec\u00ebn shpejt, por k\u00ebtu nuk sh\u00ebnohet asgj\u00eb\u201d, pohon duke treguar kontatorin q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb regjistroj\u00eb sasin\u00eb e ujit q\u00eb kalon. Puset e tjera t\u00eb paligjshme jan\u00eb n\u00eb mes t\u00eb lumit dhe askush nuk thot\u00eb asgj\u00eb. I gjith\u00eb uji p\u00ebrfundon n\u00eb kodrin\u00eb, ku gjenden pem\u00ebt e avokados. Uj\u00eb ka, problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb se e vjedhin. Prej vitesh Vilches denoncon vjedhjen e ujit n\u00eb provinc\u00ebn Petorca e sidomos n\u00eb Cabildo. Ajo q\u00eb thot\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e njohur, ka folur edhe presidenti Gabriel Boric: \u201cN\u00eb Kili kemi nj\u00eb problem that\u00ebsire dhe nj\u00eb vjedhjeje. Shp\u00ebrndarja nuk funksionon, ka aktivitete prodhuese q\u00eb i p\u00ebrdorin keq resurset ujore, n\u00eb kurrit t\u00eb t\u00eb tjerave\u201d. Ignacio Villalobos, kryebashkiak i Petorca, pohon: \u201cSot ka rreth 1200 puse t\u00eb regjistruar. Pastaj ka shum\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb as t\u00eb regjistruar, as t\u00eb rregulluar. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, t\u00eb drejtat e shfryt\u00ebzimit t\u00eb ujit nuk korresondojn\u00eb me numrin e hektar\u00ebve t\u00eb poseduar nga disa kompani bujq\u00ebsore. Po jap nj\u00eb shembull: n\u00ebse kam 400 hektar\u00eb kultivime dhe vet\u00ebm 100 litra uj\u00eb, at\u00ebhere jan\u00eb 300 hektar\u00eb q\u00eb nuk mund t\u2019i ujis. N\u00eb fakt i ujis. Nga e marr ujin? \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb vjedhje, shteti nuk m\u00eb ka autorizuar ta p\u00ebrdor k\u00ebt\u00eb resurs. Po e marr ujin q\u00eb i p\u00ebrket nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesi tjet\u00ebr, nj\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim sanitar apo nga banor\u00ebt e zon\u00ebs. Mungojn\u00eb kontrollet\u201d, thot\u00eb Villalobos.<\/p>\n<p>Rodrigo Mundaca, nj\u00eb prej themeluesve t\u00eb l\u00ebvizjes Modatima dhe sot guvernator i rajonit Valpara\u00edso, prej vitesh thekson se Petorca \u00ebsht\u00eb \u201cepiqendra e shkeljes t\u00eb s\u00eb drejt\u00ebs njer\u00ebzore t\u00eb ujit\u201d. Mundaca e ka denoncuar vjedhjen e ujit n\u00eb provinc\u00eb dhe ka marr\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnime me vdekje. \u201cSi guvernator nuk kam pushtete vigjilence mbi fush\u00ebn, por po v\u00ebm\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion t\u00eb Drejtoris\u00eb s\u00eb P\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb Uj\u00ebrave t\u00eb gjitha denoncimet e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb parregullt q\u00eb vijn\u00eb nga terrirotiri, ku numri i mbik\u00ebqyr\u00ebsve \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur nga 4 n\u00eb 7\u201d. Edhe Vilches \u00ebsht\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuar: \u201cJam quajtur terroriste dhe trafikante droge. M\u00eb ka ndodhur gjith\u00e7ka\u201d, rr\u00ebfen ajo. N\u00eb muret e zyr\u00ebs s\u00eb komitetit p\u00ebr ujin e pijsh\u00ebm t\u00eb fshatit San Jos\u00e9 dhe n\u00ebp\u00ebr rrug\u00ebt e Cabildo jan\u00eb shfaqur shkrime si \u201cVdekje Ver\u00f3nica Vilches\u201d. M\u00eb pas, n\u00eb 2021, dikush i ka v\u00ebn\u00eb zjarrin makin\u00ebs s\u00eb n\u00ebn\u00ebs s\u00eb saj dhe der\u00ebs s\u00eb sht\u00ebpis\u00eb. K\u00ebto ngjarje e v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb gjendjeagjitimi \u00e7do her\u00eb q\u00eb i duhet t\u00eb dal\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nj\u00eb betej\u00eb e humbur<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb sfilat\u00eb kamion\u00ebsh, cili ju p\u00eblqen m\u00eb shum\u00eb?\u201d, pyet Vilches duke ecur n\u00ebp\u00ebr rrug\u00ebt e Cabildo. N\u00eb kulmin e dimrit \u2013 sezoni i shirave n\u00eb Kili \u2013 jan\u00eb ende kamion\u00ebt e ujit. K\u00ebto mjete mbledhin, transportojn\u00eb dhe shp\u00ebrndajn\u00eb ujin e pijsh\u00ebm dhe tashm\u00eb jan\u00eb pjes\u00eb e peizazhit urban, edhe pse duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb \u201cmas\u00eb zbut\u00ebse\u201d, jo nj\u00eb politik\u00eb publike permanente. Aktualisht 400000 familje p\u00ebrdorin kamion\u00ebt \u00e7istern\u00eb. Sipas nj\u00eb studimi t\u00eb kryer nga gjeograf\u00ebt e Universitetot t\u00eb Kilit, n\u00eb provin\u00ebcn Petorca kamion\u00eb \u00e7istern\u00eb menaxhohen nga bujqit vendor\u00eb. K\u00ebshtu shteti vlen ujin nga kompanit\u00eb private p\u00ebr t\u2019ua dor\u00ebzuar m\u00eb pas sht\u00ebpive. \u201cNuk mungon uji n\u00eb terma absolute, por \u00ebsht\u00eb i keqshp\u00ebrndar\u00eb\u201d, pohon Mar\u00eda Christina Fragkou, autore e nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkkmi mbi masat e adoptuara nga Kili gjat\u00eb that\u00ebsir\u00ebs. Komitet p\u00ebr Avokadon kilian mbrohet: \u201cSituata nuk ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb aspak me industrin\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsojm\u00eb. Asnj\u00eb prodhues avokadoje i shoq\u00ebruar me komitetit ua shet ujin kamion\u00ebve \u00e7istern\u00eb. Shitja e ujit e zgjat kriz\u00ebn ujore, q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrballohet me investime publike n\u00eb p\u00ebrfitim t\u00eb drejt\u00ebp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb t\u00eb komuniteteve. Me nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb asaj q\u00eb shpenzohet p\u00ebr kamion\u00ebt mund t\u00eb siguroj\u00eb zgjidhje t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme p\u00ebr t\u2019ua \u00e7uar ujin t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Spas guvernatorit Mundaca, \u201cdisa pronar\u00eb tokash jo vet\u00eb q\u00eb kan\u00eb ujin e nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr prodhimin e tyre bujq\u00ebsor, por deri ia avancon q\u00eb t\u00eb mund t\u00eb fitojn\u00eb. Kjo demonstron sesa pervers \u00ebsht\u00eb modeli privat i menaxhimit t\u00eb ujit dhe mungesa e politikave publike p\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb aksesuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb: nj\u00eb e drejt\u00eb njer\u00ebzore themelore\u201d. \u201cB\u00ebjn\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb afera me ujin. Kan\u00eb puse t\u00eb thella dhe uj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shitur: \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb biznes i p\u00ebrkryer\u201d, thot\u00eb Gerardo Castillo. \u201cPersonave t\u00eb caktuar that\u00ebsira u vjen p\u00ebr mbar\u00eb. P\u00ebr disa \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb e mir\u00eb q\u00eb nuk bie shi, pasi k\u00ebshtu g\u00ebrmohen puse gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb t\u00eb thella nga ku nxirret uji. K\u00ebto puse gjenden n\u00eb vende strategjike: jan\u00eb af\u00ebr lumenjve apo shtresave uj\u00ebmbajt\u00ebse n\u00ebntok\u00ebsore. Qytetarit t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb i jepet uji vet\u00ebm kur duan t\u00eb fuqishmit, jo kur u duhej atyre. Kush ka para mund t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb. Pyjet e Petorca jan\u00eb thar\u00eb. Popullsia e konsideron nj\u00eb betej\u00eb t\u00eb humbur: uji i p\u00ebrket biznesmen\u00ebve t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj\u201d. Radiot lokale t\u00eb provinc\u00ebs Petorca japin k\u00ebshilla p\u00ebr t\u00eb kursyer ujin dhe n\u00ebp\u00ebr shkolla mbahen leksione sesi t\u00eb menaxhohet ky resurs. N\u00eb komunat Cabildo, Petorca dhe La Ligua, tre m\u00eb t\u00eb goditurat nga kriza ujore, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebdijsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr problemin.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSituata \u00ebsht\u00eb kritike\u201d, thot\u00eb 23 vje\u00e7arja Lilian Cort\u00e9s, pronare e nj\u00eb furri buke n\u00eb Cabildo. \u201cKemi frik\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndrojm\u00eb pa uj\u00eb. Im v\u00eblla donte t\u00eb investonte n\u00eb zon\u00eb, m\u00eb pas ka ndryshuar ide. Un\u00eb kam nj\u00eb \u00e7istern\u00eb me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn mbledh ujin p\u00ebr emergjencat. Jan\u00eb klient\u00eb t\u00eb moshuar q\u00eb vijn\u00eb duke qar\u00eb pasi nuk kan\u00eb asgj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u dh\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ngr\u00ebn\u00eb kafsh\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre dhe duhet t\u2019i vrasin. Tani shum\u00eb kan\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqur sepse n\u00eb 2022 ka r\u00ebn\u00eb shi m\u00eb shum\u00eb, bari \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur dhe kafsh\u00ebve ju \u00ebsht\u00eb shuar uria. Njer\u00ebzit nuk duan t\u00eb dor\u00ebzohen\u201d. \u201cN\u00eb ver\u00eb shpesh uji nuk vjen dhe, kur vjen, presioni \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb minimum\u201d, thot\u00eb nga ana tjet\u00ebr e bank\u00ebs shitja e nj\u00eb dyqani t\u00eb Cabildo. \u201cAs nuk mund t\u00eb lajm\u00eb rrobaz, as t\u00eb mbushim pishinat, do t\u00eb ishte jo e q\u00ebndrueshme. Ve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, uji \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i keq, plot me g\u00eblqere dhe duhet ta ziesh p\u00ebrpara se ta pish\u00eb\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Aktiviteti minerar <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Banor\u00ebt e Mel\u00f3n, pak m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 80 kilometra n\u00eb jug t\u00eb Petorca, jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme, por sipas tyre p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsia \u00ebsht\u00eb sidomos e minierave. N\u00eb n\u00ebntorin e 2019 Movimiento Popular Pusi 9 zuri nj\u00ebrin prej 16 puseve t\u00eb kompanis\u00eb minerare Anglo American. \u201cNuk \u00ebsht\u00eb that\u00ebsi, Anglo po e privon Mel\u00f3n nga uji\u201d, lexonte nj\u00eb prej posterave t\u00eb shumt\u00eb t\u00eb manifestuesve. Pushtimi, i sh\u00ebnuar nga d\u00ebbime dhe arrestime, ka p\u00ebrfunduar n\u00eb shkurtin e 2020 me nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje q\u00eb dukej si zgjidhje: jan\u00eb realizuar 2 <em>bypass<\/em>, nj\u00ebri nga pusi 9 n\u00eb sistemin e ujit t\u00eb pijsh\u00ebm dhe tjetri nga pusi 4. T\u00eb dy jan\u00eb pron\u00ebsi e kompanis\u00eb minerare, q\u00eb operon n\u00eb zon\u00eb nga 2002 dhe konsumon 109 litra n\u00eb sekond\u00eb. \u201cNuk kishim uj\u00eb n\u00eb sht\u00ebpit\u00eb tona dhe, kur vinte, presioni ishte i ul\u00ebt\u201d, shpjegon Karen White, z\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebse e l\u00ebvizjes. \u201cDuhej t\u00eb lanim n\u00eb 4 t\u00eb m\u00ebngjesit pasi ishte momenti i vet\u00ebm kur kishte pak presion. Nuk dinin si t\u00eb ujitnim fushat dhe sektori bujq\u00ebsor po i paguante pasojat. Pastaj kemi kuptuar se problemi i mang\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb ujit na p\u00ebrkiste vet\u00ebm ne, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb. Kompania, q\u00eb ndot zon\u00ebn prej vitesh, nuk kishte asnj\u00eb problem\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Zgjidhja e gjetur n\u00eb 2020 pra nuk i ka zgjidhur gj\u00ebrat. N\u00eb shkurtin e 2022 komuna Nogales (ku ndodhet El Mel\u00f3n) ka paraqitur nj\u00eb racionim t\u00eb p\u00ebrditsh\u00ebm t\u00eb ujit p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb puseve. P\u00ebr t zbutur pasojat e racionimit, bashk\u00eb me Anglo American komuna ka filluar ta shp\u00ebrndaj\u00eb ujin me autobote. N\u00eb mars Gonzalo Jaramillo, drejtor i programit \u201cAgua Rural\u201d t\u00eb Anglo American, ka deklaruar: \u201cMidis faktor\u00ebve q\u00eb e b\u00ebjn\u00eb m\u00eb kritike munges\u00ebn ujore jan\u00eb problemet e sistemit komunal t\u00eb ujit t\u00eb pijsh\u00ebm: humbjet, lidhjet e parregullta dhe \u00e7\u00ebshtje t\u00eb tjera, q\u00eb po i analizojm\u00eb bashk\u00eb me komun\u00ebn. P\u00ebr ta kompensuar k\u00ebt\u00eb deficit ujor administrata ka futur kamion\u00ebt \u00e7isterna dhe disa p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsime teknologjike n\u00eb menaxhimin operativ. Objektivi \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb reduktohen sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mundur humbjet e sistemit ujor\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb distan\u00eb prej disa muajsh, kamion\u00ebt \u00e7istern\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb vijn\u00eb dhe t\u00eb dor\u00ebzojn\u00eb 100 litra n\u00eb dit\u00eb. <em>Bypass <\/em>midis dy puseve jan\u00eb akoma n\u00eb funksioni. Militanti mjedisor Andr\u00e9s Mar\u00edn, ish z\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebs i Movimiento Popular Pusi 9, pohon: \u201c\u00cbsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00eb se p\u00ebr t\u00eb plot\u00ebsuar t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e ujit duhet t\u00eb varesh nga nj\u00eb shum\u00ebkomb\u00ebshe q\u00eb e ka thar\u00eb El Mel\u00f3n\u201d. K\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebngjes Vilches p\u00ebrgatit vez\u00eb t\u00eb rrahura dhe buk\u00eb t\u00eb thekur. Teksa pret 50 litrat e ujit t\u00eb p\u00ebrditshme, i mban pjatat n\u00eb nj\u00eb kontenitor me ujin e nj\u00eb dite m\u00eb par\u00eb. Mbi tavolin\u00eb ka nj\u00eb broke plot. Jasht\u00eb, n\u00eb makin\u00eb, jan\u00eb ngjitur 3 adeziv\u00eb me shkrimin \u201cMjaft vjedhjes s\u00eb ujit\u201d. \u201cJa\u201d, thot\u00eb duke hapur rubinetin. Pa humbur koh\u00eb, rr\u00ebmben ngroh\u00ebsin dhe e mbush. Duhet t\u00eb vendos\u00eb n\u00eb se t\u00eb laj\u00eb ose t\u2019u jap\u00eb qen\u00ebve t\u00eb pijn\u00eb uj\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>(nga <em>Gattopardo, Meksik\u00eb<\/em>)<\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u00ebrgatiti<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>ARMIN TIRANA<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>N\u00eb rajonin kilian t\u00eb Valpara\u00edso that\u00ebsira shkakton racionime dhe probleme p\u00ebr banor\u00ebt. P\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsia \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe e nj\u00eb sistemi q\u00eb privilegjon kultivuesit e m\u00ebdhenj. \u201cMe leje\u201d, thot\u00eb Ver\u00f3nica Vilches duke ecur n\u00eb shtratin e lumit La Ligua, krejt\u00ebsisht t\u00eb thar\u00eb. Flet me lulet e egra q\u00eb jan\u00eb rritur fal\u00eb shirave t\u00eb k\u00ebtij dimri. N\u00ebn diellin e &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":37121,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37120"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37120"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37120\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/37121"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37120"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37120"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37120"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}