{"id":25489,"date":"2022-10-07T17:30:30","date_gmt":"2022-10-07T17:30:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/?p=25489"},"modified":"2022-10-07T17:30:30","modified_gmt":"2022-10-07T17:30:30","slug":"algoritmet-nuk-e-parashikojne-te-ardhmen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/2022\/10\/07\/algoritmet-nuk-e-parashikojne-te-ardhmen\/","title":{"rendered":"Algoritmet nuk e parashikojn\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ish presidente e K\u00ebshillit Europian t\u00eb K\u00ebrkimit (ERC), Docente e Merituar e Studimeve Shkencore dhe Teknologjike n\u00eb Politeknikun Federal t\u00eb Zyrihut, Helga Nowotny \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebr ekspertet m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb Inteligjenc\u00ebs Artificiale (AI). Kemi dialoguar me t\u00eb duke filluar nga libri i saj Makinat e Zotit<\/em>, n\u00eb dalje p\u00ebr LUISS University Press.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb librin tuaj t\u00eb ri ju flisni p\u00ebr \u00abmendimin katedral\u00bb (cathedral thinking<\/em>). \u00c7far\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrtuesit e katedraleve q\u00eb admirojm\u00eb akoma sot n\u00eb Europ\u00eb kishin nj\u00eb vizion afatgjat\u00eb. Asnj\u00eb katedrale nuk mund t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjenerat\u00eb, prandaj \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje komunitare q\u00eb ka p\u00ebrshkuar gjeneratat. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb e dinin se do t\u00eb duhej shum\u00eb koh\u00eb. Sot kemi nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb shikojm\u00eb edhe m\u00eb p\u00ebrpara dhe t\u00eb kemi nj\u00eb objektiv q\u00eb na bashkon. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e natyrshme n\u00ebse marrim n\u00eb konsiderat\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet iminente t\u00eb ndryshimit klimaterik, por edhe kur tani duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrballemi me nd\u00ebrprerjen e papritur t\u00eb furnizimit energjitik apo t\u00eb siguris\u00eb ushqimore n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn. Mendimi katedral mund t\u00eb na japin nj\u00eb pik\u00eb ankorimi n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen. Mund t\u00eb na shtyj\u00eb t\u00eb vihemi n\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje bashk\u00ebpunuese t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt. B\u00ebhet fja\u00eb p\u00ebr krijimin e nj\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmjeje t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt.<\/p>\n

\u00abMendimi katedral\u00bb duket shum\u00eb i ngjash\u00ebm me disa zhvillime aktuale t\u00eb pakontrolluara t\u00eb teknologjive. Mendojm\u00eb paras\u00ebgjithash p\u00ebr rrjetet sociale dhe p\u00ebrdorimin e tyre t\u00eb Inteligjenc\u00ebs Artificiale si Orakulli i Delfit p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb parashikime mbi t\u00eb ardhmen. Mbi baz\u00ebn e nj\u00eb sasie t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash t\u00eb kaluara (Big Data) k\u00ebto algoritme pretendojn\u00eb se kan\u00eb zgjidhur problemin humiano <\/em>t\u00eb pamund\u00ebsis\u00eb t\u00eb paraqitjes t\u00eb s\u00eb ardhmes nga e kaluara. Bertrand Russell e kishte thjesht\u00ebzuar mir\u00eb me gjeldetin e varf\u00ebr nxit\u00ebs kaq t\u00eb lumtur t\u00eb familjes q\u00eb e kishte adoptuar dhe ushqyer deri n\u00eb vigjiljen fatale t\u00eb Dit\u00ebs s\u00eb Falenderimit.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pula e Bertrand Russell (e transformuar vet\u00ebm n\u00eb gjeldeti m\u00eb pas) pret ushqimin kur shikon njeriun q\u00eb e ushqen, por nj\u00eb dit\u00eb njeriu nuk e kofirmon m\u00eb shpres\u00ebn dhe ia pret fytin. Mund t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb di\u00e7ka m\u00eb pak dramatike ku u besojm\u00eb verb\u00ebrisht parashikimeve t\u00eb AI dhe harorjm\u00eb se bazohen mbi nxjerrjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga e kaluara. P\u00ebrvoja nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb garanci se do t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritet n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb sidomos e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb p\u00ebr evolucionin e shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb. David Hume mendonte se induksioni p\u00ebrcakton terrenin p\u00ebr probabilitetin, \u00abi bazuar mbi prezumimin e ngjashm\u00ebris\u00eb midis objekteve, disa prej t\u00eb cil\u00ebve kemi p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb dhe t\u00eb tjer\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk kemi p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb\u00bb. Kjo n\u00ebnkupton se duhet t\u00eb mbesim t\u00eb hapur p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb moment asistojm\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb konvergjenc\u00eb ngjarjesh t\u00eb paprecedent, secila prej tyre futet n\u00eb kategorin\u00eb e \u00abt\u00eb panjohurave t\u00eb njohura\u00bb, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb dijm\u00eb se do t\u00eb ndodhin, por nuk dijm\u00eb se kur dhe ku: fillimisht pandemia, m\u00eb pas inflacioni dhe tani lufta n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb, t\u00eb gjitha me pasoja t\u00eb tmerrshme. Kjo e vetme duhet t\u00eb na b\u00ebj\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb matur p\u00ebrsa i p\u00ebrket parashikimeve t\u00eb Inteligjenc\u00ebs Artificiale q\u00eb afirmojn\u00eb se e \u00abnjohin\u00bb t\u00eb ardhmen.<\/p>\n

Koh\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb \u00abFinancial Times\u00bb titullonte nj\u00eb artikull me pyetjen Do t\u00eb flas\u00ebsh me financat e tua me nj\u00eb chatbot? <\/em>Chatbot-et jan\u00eb algoritme t\u00eb Inteligjenc\u00ebs Artificiale q\u00eb i p\u00ebrgjigjen pyetjeve t\u00eb klient\u00ebve n\u00eb nj\u00eb chat. Ja tashm\u00eb t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm n\u00eb treg, si MyEva e Wealth Wizard, nj\u00eb kompani konsulence dixhitale britanike, apo chatbot-et e amerikanes Pefin, q\u00eb pohon se ka qen\u00eb e para n\u00eb bot\u00eb q\u00eb ka ofruar konsulenc\u00eb mbi Inteligjenc\u00ebn Artificiale. K\u00ebshillat q\u00eb shkojn\u00eb nga konsulenca mbi pensionet tek investimet financiare shpejt do t\u00eb ofrohen n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e folur. K\u00ebshtu AI po z\u00ebvend\u00ebson konsulenc\u00ebn njer\u00ebzore n\u00eb bot\u00ebn e financ\u00ebs? Do ta vendosim t\u00eb ardhmen ton\u00eb financiare me robot\u00ebt? Cilat jan\u00eb rreziqet reale p\u00ebr konsumator\u00ebt e k\u00ebtij ndryshimi dhe sa ndodhet i mbrojtur nga legjislacioni aktual?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Studiuesit e shkenc\u00ebs dhe teknologjis\u00eb (STS) dijn\u00eb se ligji \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb n\u00eb vones\u00eb karshi zhvillimeve efektive t\u00eb teknologjis\u00eb. N\u00eb rastin e AI nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm vonesa, por nj\u00eb \u00abhendek realiteti\u00bb: p\u00ebrshpejtimi i mund\u00ebsive teknologjike ngre shum\u00eb problematika q\u00eb ose nuk jan\u00eb aspak t\u00eb rregulluara, ose jan\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtira p\u00ebr t\u2019u p\u00ebrballuar pasi kompanit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha operojn\u00eb n\u00eb nivel transkomb\u00ebtar. Komisioni Europian ka miratuar para pak koh\u00ebsh nj\u00eb seri \u00abDigital Act\u00bb legjislative q\u00eb shkojn\u00eb n\u00eb drejtimin e duhur, por duhet t\u00eb zbatohen dhe kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr azhurime t\u00eb vazhdueshme.<\/p>\n

Ju shkruani se parashikimet e AI gjenerojn\u00eb iluzionin e siguris\u00eb.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Edhe gjeldeti apo pula proverbiale e Russell \u00ebsht\u00eb kapur n\u00eb iluzionin e siguris\u00eb.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrpara ardhjes s\u00eb AI, iluzioni dhe sharmi i pushtetit parashikues qen\u00eb ndar\u00eb nga modelet ekonometrike t\u00eb institucioneve financiare mbi t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb bazuar dhe vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb mb\u00ebshteten zgjedhjet e qeverive tona, megjith\u00ebse t\u00eb vet\u00ebdijsh\u00ebm se jan\u00eb empirikisht false.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Iluzioni ka qen\u00eb i madh dhe tragjik n\u00eb vazhd\u00ebn e kriz\u00ebs financiare t\u00eb 2007 \u2013 2008. Megjithat\u00eb, vazhdojm\u00eb t\u2019u besojm\u00eb atyre.<\/p>\n

Shoshana Zuboff analizon qasjen grabitqare dhe manipuluese t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarrjeve dixhitale n\u00eb vitet e fundit nga nj\u00eb perspektiv\u00eb komportamentale. N\u00eb epok\u00ebn e internetit, kompanit\u00eb synojn\u00eb q\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb tep\u00ebr se mbledhja dhe analizimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb klient\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb mund\u00ebsuar p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e e produkteve, sh\u00ebrbimeve dhe impenjimeve t\u00eb tyre. Faktikisht duan t\u2019i p\u00ebrmbahen t\u00eb ashtuquajturit surplus komportamental, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna q\u00eb shkojn\u00eb p\u00ebrtej p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb produkteve dhe sh\u00ebrbimeve online. Mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen informacione lidhur me pozicionin, mosh\u00ebn, profesionin, stimulin e jetes\u00ebs, zakoneve dhe nj\u00eb serie preferencash t\u00eb nj\u00eb njeriu. Surplusi p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson transformimet komportamentale. Facebook dhe Google e p\u00ebrdorin p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb parashikime q\u00eb u mund\u00ebsojn\u00eb atyre jo vet\u00ebm t\u00eb adresojn\u00eb publicitetin n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb m\u00eb efikase, por edhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb implementuar arkitektura t\u00eb zgjedhjeve q\u00eb mund t\u00eb influencojn\u00eb komportamentin. profili komportamental bazohet mbi algoritmet e AI dhe u mund\u00ebson kompanive q\u00eb t\u00eb provojn\u00eb dhe t\u2019u paraprijn\u00eb zgjedhjeve t\u00eb konsumator\u00ebve dhe t\u2019i adresojn\u00eb drejt produktesh t\u00eb preferuara dhe m\u00eb fitimprur\u00ebse p\u00ebr kompanin\u00eb.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zuboff na paralajm\u00ebron p\u00ebr faktin q\u00eb shum\u00ebkomb\u00ebshet e m\u00ebdha rivendikojn\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn njer\u00ebzore si l\u00ebnd\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb falas q\u00eb p\u00ebrkthehet n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna komportamentale q\u00eb pastaj deklarohen si surplus komportamentale pron\u00ebsor i tyre. Por kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb logjika e kapitalizmit. Modeli i biznesit p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna nga ne dhe p\u00ebr t\u2019i transformuar n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbime fitimprur\u00ebse, q\u00eb jemi n\u00eb ankth p\u00ebr t\u2019i marr\u00eb, nuk b\u00ebn gj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr ve\u00e7se e konfirmon.<\/p>\n

\u00c7far\u00eb mendoni p\u00ebr propozimin e Gerd Gigerenzer mbi regjistrimin me pages\u00eb, n\u00eb vend t\u00eb aksesit falas n\u00eb rrjetet sociale, p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur format e ndryshme t\u00eb manipulimit psikologjik q\u00eb kan\u00eb objektivin q\u00eb ta rrisin koh\u00ebn e kaluar online nga p\u00ebrdoruesit me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb t\u00eb fitojn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb nga publiciteti treg\u00ebtar?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Propozimi \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i ar\u00ebsyesh\u00ebm, por si\u00e7 i \u00ebsht\u00eb dashur vet\u00eb Gerd Gigerenzer t\u00eb konstatoj\u00eb me shpejt\u00ebsi, personat preferojn\u00eb aksesin falas, edhe pse e dijn\u00eb q\u00eb kjo e b\u00ebn objektiv t\u00eb publicitetit. Jami p\u00ebrzier me furnizuesit e rrjetit, t\u00eb vet\u00ebdijsh\u00ebm se vet\u00eb ne do t\u00eb b\u00ebhemi \u00abprodukti\u00bb p\u00ebr t\u2019ju shitur reklamist\u00ebve. Jemi t\u00eb gatsh\u00ebm t\u00eb heqim dor\u00eb nga privat\u00ebsia jon\u00eb n\u00eb kombim t\u00eb komoditetit t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve me t\u00eb cilat jemi b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb varur.<\/p>\n

Si luftohen fake news<\/em>? Prania e informacioneve false dhe pranimi automatik i tyre jan\u00eb kryesisht nj\u00eb refleks i munges\u00ebs s\u00eb vet\u00ebdijes t\u00eb individ\u00ebve dhe t\u00eb mendimit t\u00eb dob\u00ebt kritik t\u00eb tyre. ka disa teknika p\u00ebr t\u2019i kund\u00ebrshtuar. Detyra themelore e debunking <\/em>\u00ebsht\u00eb ajo e zbulimit t\u00eb dizinformacioneve dhe fake news<\/em>, dhe format e ndryshme t\u00eb tyre, si sajesa apo teorit\u00eb e komplotit. Megjithat\u00eb, pavar\u00ebsisht aplikimit t\u00eb debunking<\/em> ndaj aktivitetit gazetaresk online, n\u00eb shum\u00eb raste personat vazhdojn\u00eb t\u2019i besojn\u00eb dizinformacionit. Nj\u00eb zgjidhje p\u00ebr t\u2019i inkurajuar personat t\u00eb dallojn\u00eb sinjalizimet false bazohet mbi teorin\u00eb e injektimit (prebunking<\/em>). Ideja \u00ebsht\u00eb se kur nj\u00eb argument i dob\u00ebt paraqitet n\u00eb \u00abmesazhin e vaksinimit\u00bb n\u00eb faz\u00ebn e formimit, proceset e ngat\u00ebrrimit apo mjetet e tjera t\u00eb proteksionit na p\u00ebrgatisin p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar argumente m\u00eb t\u00eb forta dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb m\u00eb tej. \u00c7far\u00eb mendoni p\u00ebr instrumentat e prebunking <\/em>(injektimit) dhe debunking<\/em>?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb pandemis\u00eb i jemi p\u00ebrkushtuar zhb\u00ebrjes s\u00eb dizinformacionit lidhur me vaksinat, n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb ides\u00eb se duke krijuar vet\u00ebdije lidhur me fake news, personat do t\u00eb b\u00ebhen rezistent\u00eb, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb vaksinuar. Por kemi par\u00eb edhe se instrumentat e pre <\/em>dhe debunking <\/em>nuk funksionojn\u00eb si\u00e7 mendonim. Personat jan\u00eb pjes\u00eb e rrjeteve sociale dhe influencojn\u00eb nj\u00ebri tjetrin; k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb t\u2019u p\u00ebrkasin atyre q\u00eb e shohin bot\u00ebn n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme. Prandaj \u00ebsht\u00eb konteksti social q\u00eb duhet marr\u00eb n\u00eb konsiderat\u00eb, ashtu si nj\u00eb vaksin\u00eb funksionon vet\u00ebm pak m\u00eb sip\u00ebr nj\u00eb pragu t\u00eb caktuar t\u00eb atyre q\u00eb jan\u00eb vaksinuar.<\/p>\n

E lidhur me dizinbformacionin \u00ebsht\u00eb prirja e AI p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtyr\u00eb stereotipe dhe paragjykime raciale. E gjitha \u00ebsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb artikulli q\u00eb Timnit Gebru, ish informaticien i Google, ka firmosur n\u00eb 2020 bashk\u00eb me 6 bashk\u00ebpun\u00ebtor\u00ebve (midis t\u00eb cil\u00ebve 4 punonj\u00ebs t\u00eb Google) ku propozohej t\u00eb paralajm\u00ebrohej nga zhvillimi i modeleve intleigjente t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt, t\u00eb \u00abst\u00ebrvitur\u00bb me p\u00ebrdorimin e nj\u00eb mase t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakoshme tekstesh t\u00eb nxjerra n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe nga webi, jan\u00eb n\u00eb rrezik t\u00eb p\u00ebrkthejn\u00eb terma dhe koncepte seksiste, raciste dhe t\u00eb dhunshme. AI \u00ebsht\u00eb e influencuar nga paragjykime raciste dhe gjinore?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Jemi t\u00eb gjith\u00eb t\u00eb ardhur n\u00eb m\u00ebnyra t\u00eb ndryshme dhe shum\u00eb paragjykime p\u00ebrshkojn\u00eb shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb tona, por sapo q\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat mblidhen dhe p\u00ebrpunohen nga AI, k\u00ebto paragjykime tentojn\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebriten dhe t\u00eb forcohen. Nga k\u00ebtu k\u00ebrkesa p\u00ebr nj\u00eb AI t\u00eb \u00abp\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebshme\u00bb, \u00abbenefike\u00bb apo \u00abetike\u00bb. Edhe pse jemi dakord mbi parime p\u00ebr ta garantuar nj\u00eb AI t\u00eb till\u00eb, zbatimi praktik mbetet i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr ar\u00ebsye teknike, por edhe politike.<\/p>\n

Le t\u00eb kthehemi tek tema e parashikimeve. N\u00eb analiz\u00ebn e modeleve t\u00eb parashikimit ju jeni dakord mbi ndarjen e paraqitur nga Frank Knight midis probabilitetit a priori (p\u00ebr shembull loja me zara), probabilitetit statistikor (kur ke nj\u00eb kampion dometh\u00ebn\u00ebs t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash t\u00eb kaluara) dhe paqart\u00ebsis\u00eb (kur e ardhmja nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e parashikueshme edhe statistikisht). Apo besoni se p\u00ebrve\u00e7 probabilitetit a priori (hedhjes s\u00eb nj\u00eb zari) t\u00eb gjith\u00eb ngjarjet e tjera b\u00ebhen t\u00eb pasigurta, q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb probabilitet statistikor q\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb imune nga devijime, supriza dhe paparashikime?<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr mua dallimi m\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm i b\u00ebr\u00eb nga Knight \u00ebsht\u00eb midis rrezikut dhe paqart\u00ebsis\u00eb. Rreziku \u00ebsht\u00eb i kalkuluesh\u00ebm a priori dhe mund t\u00eb konsiderohet nj\u00eb kosto. P\u00ebrvoja mund t\u00eb na m\u00ebsoj\u00eb d\u00ebmet e parashikueshme t\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen n\u00eb llogaritjen e kostove. Disa mund t\u00eb sigurohen. P\u00ebrkundrazi, paqart\u00ebsia nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e sigurueshme pasi rezultatet e mundshme nuk mund t\u00eb llogariten si m\u00eb par\u00eb. Situata ku procesi vendimmarr\u00ebs ndodhet p\u00ebrball\u00eb rezultatesh t\u00eb panjohura, por shp\u00ebrndarjsh probabiliteti ex ante <\/em>note, ndryshojn\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb kuptim t\u00eb thell\u00eb nga ato ku shp\u00ebrndarja e probabilitetit t\u00eb rezultatit \u00ebsht\u00eb e panjohur.<\/p>\n

Gjithmon\u00eb n\u00eb raport me parashikimin, Robert Shiller shkruan se fenomenet ekonomike udh\u00ebhiqen nga narrativa dhe se kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb lloj profecie q\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebv\u00ebrtetohet dhe q\u00eb i transformon paqart\u00ebsit\u00eb n\u00eb realitet. P\u00ebr shembull, kur n\u00eb 1987 thashethemet n\u00eb Wall Street qen\u00eb se ndodheshim p\u00ebrball\u00eb nj\u00eb situate si ajo e 1929, pati nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie prej 23% n\u00eb nj\u00eb dit\u00eb t\u00eb vetme.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Narracionet jan\u00eb pjes\u00eb e jet\u00ebve tona dhe Shiller tregon se vlejn\u00eb edhe n\u00eb ekonomi. Por ka shum\u00eb p\u00ebrtej narrativ\u00ebs. Profecit\u00eb do t\u00eb vet\u00ebv\u00ebrtetohen kur nj\u00eb parashikim b\u00ebhet thjesht e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb sepse njer\u00ebzit besojn\u00eb dhe veprojn\u00eb p\u00ebr pasoj\u00eb. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb rreziku q\u00eb shikoj n\u00eb algoritmet parashikuese. U atribuojm\u00eb atyre arbirtrin e lir\u00eb dhe, n\u00ebse ndiqen verb\u00ebrisht, transformohen n\u00eb profeci q\u00eb vet\u00ebv\u00ebrtetohen. N\u00eb lib\u00ebr flas p\u00ebr paradoksin e parashikimit: shfryt\u00ebzojm\u00eb AI p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur kontrollin ton\u00eb mbi t\u00eb ardhmen, nd\u00ebrsa nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht performanca e AI, pushtetin q\u00eb ka p\u00ebr t\u00eb na b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb sillemi n\u00eb m\u00ebnyra q\u00eb parashikohen, redukton influksin e aksionit ton\u00eb mbi t\u00eb ardhmen.<\/p>\n

Sipas shum\u00eb prej nesh, por limitet e zhvillimit nga nj\u00eb pik\u00ebpamje e mb\u00ebshtetshm\u00ebris\u00eb mjedisore e sociale dhe rreziqeve mbi mir\u00ebq\u00ebnien individuale t\u00eb teknologjive informatike dhe biologjike duhet t\u00eb na \u00e7ojn\u00eb t\u2019i rikonsiderojm\u00eb disa propozime t\u00eb Klubit t\u00eb Rom\u00ebs mbi ngadalshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e rritjes ekonomike. \u00c7far\u00eb mendoni p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb propozime t\u00eb rritjes s\u00eb ngadalt\u00eb apo t\u00eb zvog\u00eblimit?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Jemi n\u00eb k\u00ebrkim t\u00eb d\u00ebshpruar m\u00ebnyrash alternative p\u00ebr t\u00eb organizuar shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb dhe ekonomit\u00eb tona, dora dor\u00ebs q\u00eb b\u00ebhemi gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebdijsh\u00ebm se po t\u00eb vazhdojm\u00eb si m\u00eb par\u00eb do t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb katastrofa. Nuk mund t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb as pa rritjen, as nuk mund t\u00eb konvertohet n\u00eb zvog\u00eblim. Nd\u00ebrprerja e sotme e zinxhir\u00ebve t\u00eb furnizimit zbulon shkall\u00ebn \u00e7udit\u00ebrisht t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrvar\u00ebsive n\u00eb bot\u00eb, por edhe nj\u00eb t\u00ebrheqje n\u00eb sovranitetin komb\u00ebtar \u00ebsht\u00eb iluzor. K\u00ebshtu, jemi sfiduar ta zgjerojm\u00eb imagjinat\u00ebn ton\u00eb dhe t\u00eb shpikim modele t\u00eb rinj\u00eb ekonomik\u00eb me nj\u00eb v\u00ebmendje m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe ndaj s\u00eb mir\u00ebs publike.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb prej limiteve t\u00eb rritjes s\u00eb hiperp\u00ebrshpejtuar duket gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb i madh se ajo q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb koherente me k\u00ebt\u00eb model kapitalist. P\u00ebr shembull, k\u00ebrkimi themelor (i udh\u00ebhequr vet\u00ebm nga kurioziteti) dhe n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb ajo humanistike po dob\u00ebsohet progresivisht prej munges\u00ebs nga ana e qeverive dhe e bot\u00ebs private, si\u00e7 ka shkruajtur Martha Nussbaum disa koh\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb sakt\u00ebsisht problemi q\u00eb K\u00ebshilli Europian i K\u00ebrkimit (CER) ka p\u00ebrballuar qysh nga fillimet e tij m\u00eb 2007. Qysh at\u00ebehre buxheti i tij \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se dyfishuar. Qysh nga fillimi shkencat sociale dhe humaniste jan\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb modalitetetet e financimit bottom-up<\/em>, drejtuar nga kurioziteti, bazuar mbi k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e komunitetit shkencor q\u00eb aktualisht shkon n\u00eb rreth 18% t\u00eb buxhetit total.<\/p>\n

Cili \u00ebsht\u00eb opinioni juaj mbi rezultatet e CER p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin keni qen\u00eb themeluese m\u00eb 2007 dhe presidente nga 2010 deri m\u00eb 2013? \u00c7far\u00eb lloj vlere t\u00eb shtuar ka realizuar? \u00cbsht\u00eb kryer ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb nj\u00eb vler\u00ebsim krahasimor me institucione t\u00eb ngjashme n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara apo n\u00eb Kin\u00eb?<\/strong><\/p>\n

CER \u00ebsht\u00eb konsideruar n\u00eb histori suksesi e Komisionit Europian n\u00eb financimin e k\u00ebrkimit baz\u00eb. \u00cbsht\u00eb indnvidualizuar nga shkenc\u00ebtar\u00eb dhe agejcni financimi nga e gjith\u00eb bota. CER e ka v\u00ebn\u00eb k\u00ebrkimin themelor t\u00eb prodhuar n\u00eb Bashkimin Europian (p\u00ebrfshi k\u00ebrkimin e beneficar\u00ebve joBashkim Europian) n\u00eb vendin e par\u00eb t\u00eb prodhimit bot\u00ebror. Ndoshta akoma m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, ka ndryshuar komplet jet\u00ebt dhe karrierat shkencore e mij\u00ebra k\u00ebrkuesve t\u00eb rinj. Midis tyre shum\u00eb jan\u00eb italian\u00eb q\u00eb punojn\u00eb jasht\u00eb Italie. Sikur kushtet t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsoheshin n\u00eb Itali, do t\u00eb rritej edhe numri i beneficar\u00ebve t\u00eb CER. Botimet shkencore e bazuara mbi subvencionet e CER figurojn\u00eb midis 1% e botimeve m\u00eb t\u00eb mira n\u00eb nivel global. Ndoshta p\u00ebr t\u2019u \u00e7uditur, kan\u00eb kontribuar edhe n\u00eb novatorizmin, t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn p\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket patentave, respektivisht pjes\u00ebve t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb programit kuad\u00ebr europian.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb m\u00ebnyre lufta n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb do t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb prioritetet europiane n\u00eb politik\u00ebn e k\u00ebrkimit dhe rinovimit?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Prioritet e financimit do t\u00eb spostohen padyshim drejt mbrojtjes, n\u00eb kahje t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt, nd\u00ebrsa novatoritmi do t\u00eb p\u00ebrq\u00ebndrohet mbi arritjen e nj\u00eb sovraniteti teknologjik europian m\u00eb t\u00eb madh.<\/p>\n

(nga La Lettura<\/em>)<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgatiti<\/strong><\/p>\n

ARMIN TIRANA<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ish presidente e K\u00ebshillit Europian t\u00eb K\u00ebrkimit (ERC), Docente e Merituar e Studimeve Shkencore dhe Teknologjike n\u00eb Politeknikun Federal t\u00eb Zyrihut, Helga Nowotny \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebr ekspertet m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb Inteligjenc\u00ebs Artificiale (AI). Kemi dialoguar me t\u00eb duke filluar nga libri i saj Makinat e Zotit, n\u00eb dalje p\u00ebr LUISS University Press. N\u00eb librin tuaj …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":25490,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25489"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25489"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25489\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25490"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25489"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25489"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25489"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}