{"id":24281,"date":"2022-09-26T08:52:32","date_gmt":"2022-09-26T08:52:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/?p=24281"},"modified":"2022-09-26T08:52:32","modified_gmt":"2022-09-26T08:52:32","slug":"synimet-e-tigrit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/2022\/09\/26\/synimet-e-tigrit\/","title":{"rendered":"Synimet e Tigrit"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Hopi i madh i Indis\u00eb s\u00eb Modi p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos q\u00ebndruar prapa Pekinit, por kontrastet dhe ndarjet n\u00ebn mask\u00ebn nacionaliste ndjehen.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Buldozer\u00ebt avancojn\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnues, elefant\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj mekanik\u00eb t\u00eb l\u00ebshuar kund\u00ebr barakave n\u00eb lagjen islamike t\u00eb Delhi. Nj\u00eb diell portokalli i saposhfaqur \u00e7pon shtres\u00ebn e smogut t\u00eb l\u00ebng\u00ebt q\u00eb mbulon qytetin n\u00eb muajt e that\u00eb. Rreshtimi i vendosur i partis\u00eb nacionaliste n\u00eb, BJP (Bharatiya Janata Party) e drejtuar nga kryeministri Narendra Modi, \u00ebsht\u00eb masiv, por jo i papritur dhe nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb as i pari. Me justifikimin q\u00eb ato sht\u00ebpi periferike jan\u00eb abuzive, trohet shpron\u00ebsohen dhe i jepen hinduist\u00ebve t\u00eb devotsh\u00ebm. M\u00eb 2019 Gjykata Supreme ka vendosur q\u00eb shkat\u00ebrrimet jan\u00eb krim, por pron\u00ebsia duhet t\u2019i takoj\u00eb nj\u00eb trusti hind\u00f9. Nj\u00eb vendim q\u00eb nuk e zgjidh dilem\u00ebn midis fes\u00eb dhe s\u00eb drejt\u00ebs. M\u00ebngjesin e 9 majit paralajm\u00ebrohet pra nj\u00eb dit\u00eb tjet\u00ebr e p\u00ebrgjakshme: n\u00eb k\u00ebto vite p\u00ebrleshjet n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb vendin kan\u00eb provkuar midis 10000 dhe 17000 t\u00eb vdekurve. Kurse mysliman\u00ebt i befasojn\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb dhe l\u00ebvizin si t\u00eb udh\u00ebhequr nga Mahatma Gandi.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00eb paarmatour, t\u00eb v\u00ebmendsh\u00ebm mos t\u00eb reagojn\u00eb me l\u00ebshimin klasik t\u00eb gur\u00ebve, rrethojn\u00eb buldozer\u00ebt duke i penguar ata q\u00eb t\u00eb spostohen. T\u00eb ndaluar, shkat\u00ebrruesit ndalen dhe rigrupohen. Do t\u00eb jet\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb her\u00eb tjet\u00ebr pasi nuk ka iluzione, shpron\u00ebsimi nuk do t\u00eb ndalet, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb arm\u00eb e fuqishme dhe shpesh efikase e spastrimit etnik me t\u00eb cilin partia nacionaliste ka \u00e7imentuar konsensusin n\u00ebn flamurin e nj\u00eb uniteti religjioz fals, t\u00eb sajuar ose m\u00eb mir\u00eb i gjithi politik. K\u00ebshtu Modi d\u00ebshiron ta transformoj\u00eb Indin\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb fuqi t\u00eb ngjyrosur zaferan, ngjyr\u00ebn q\u00eb themelon t\u00eb gjith\u00eb gam\u00ebn e hinduizmit: p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson zjarrin dhe ngjitjen, past\u00ebrtin\u00eb dhe k\u00ebrkimin e drit\u00ebs (si p\u00ebr budist\u00ebt), por edhe simbolin e Rajput, kast\u00ebs luftarake, bij\u00eb e mbretit. Rivale e Kin\u00ebs (konkurrojn\u00eb Kashmirin) dhe nj\u00ebherazi klient (nd\u00ebrshk\u00ebmbimi \u00ebsht\u00eb thuajse dyfishuar n\u00eb 10 vite), e p\u00ebrk\u00ebdhelur e Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara n\u00eb funksion antiPekin, e t\u00ebrhequr nga Rusia prej nj\u00eb familjariteti t\u00eb gjat\u00eb nga koha e Bashkimit Sovjetik dhe e dinastis\u00eb Nehru, armike e Pakistanit deri sa t\u00eb rrezikonte nj\u00eb konflikt b\u00ebrthamor, India, multiform\u00ebshe e barabart\u00eb me hyjnit\u00eb e Mahabharatas, po e k\u00ebrkon prej koh\u00ebsh vendin e saj pa e gjetur kurr\u00eb, si nj\u00eb personazh i shkrimtarit t\u00eb madh V. S. Naipaul.<\/p>\n<p>Pushtimi rus i Ukrain\u00ebs ka p\u00ebrshpejtuar k\u00ebt\u00eb k\u00ebrkim: t\u00eb kuptohet se ku do t\u00eb shkoj\u00eb gjiganti i dyt\u00eb i Azis\u00eb b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje vendimtare. Modi \u00ebsht\u00eb takuar me Ursula von der Leyen n\u00eb prill, ka siguruar Joe Biden, por p\u00ebr Putinin mbetet ambig. Bumi paspandemik sigurisht e ndihmon loj\u00ebn ekonomike. Tashm\u00eb PBB e ka tejkaluar at\u00eb t\u00eb ish dominuesve britanik\u00eb. N\u00eb indian, Gautam Adani (porte, aeroporte, qendra t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash) \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb, vler\u00ebson agjencia Bloomberg, njeriu i dyt\u00eb m\u00eb i pasur i bot\u00ebs pas Elon Musk, p\u00ebrpara Jeff Bezos dhe Bernard Arnault. \u00cbsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb e rrehit magjik t\u00eb familjeve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb kapitalizmit si ato Jindal dhe Mittal, zot\u00ebrinj t\u00eb \u00e7elikut, Tata n\u00eb automobila, Ambani, mbret\u00ebr t\u00eb gazit dhe t\u00eb naft\u00ebs, q\u00eb posedojn\u00eb kompanin\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe private. Megjithat\u00eb skakiera m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme \u00ebsht\u00eb padyshim ajo gjeopolitike. N\u00eb nj\u00eb takim kok\u00eb m\u00eb kok\u00eb t\u00eb premten, 16 shtator, n\u00eb Yzbekistan, Modi i ka th\u00ebn\u00eb Vladimir Putinit se \u201ckjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb koh\u00eb p\u00ebr luft\u00eb, kemi folur shum\u00eb her\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb n\u00eb telefon\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Samiti i Shanghai Cooperation Organisation ka rezultuar nj\u00eb katastrof\u00eb p\u00ebr \u201cMad Vlad\u201d q\u00eb ka marr\u00eb nj\u00eb qortim nga ana e Xi Jinping, aq sa t\u00eb jet\u00eb i detyruar ta pranoj\u00eb publikisht \u201cproekupimin kinez\u201d p\u00ebr luft\u00ebn n\u00eb Europ\u00eb. Modi dhe Xi kan\u00eb provuar t\u00eb mbesin deri m\u00eb tani neutral\u00eb, edhe pse lidhjet e tyre me Rusin\u00eb mbesin vendimtare. Dehli dhe Pekini e kan\u00eb rritur blerjet e naft\u00ebs ruse, megjithat\u00eb pushtimi i Ukrain\u00ebs ka provokuar nj\u00eb val\u00eb godit\u00ebse: kriza e grurit dhe pasiguria energjitike rrezikojn\u00eb t\u00eb ken\u00eb pasoja t\u00eb r\u00ebnda. Putini ka premtuar \u201cnj\u00eb partneritet strategjik t\u00eb privilegjuar\u201d, India dyshon se kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb interesin e saj, pasi preferon t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndaj\u00eb kartat e saj, sot padyshim m\u00eb t\u00eb mira se dikur, n\u00eb shum\u00eb tavolina.<\/p>\n<p>Marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e Kin\u00ebs sh\u00ebnohen nga 3 \u00e7\u00ebshtje themelore. E para \u00ebsht\u00eb hendeku midis dy vendeve. E dyta \u00ebsht\u00eb konflikti p\u00ebr kufijt\u00eb. E treta \u00ebsht\u00eb afrimi midis New Delhi dhe Uashingtonit q\u00eb Pekini e k\u00ebrc\u00ebnon si k\u00ebrc\u00ebnim. N\u00eb 1978, kur Kina nd\u00ebrmori reformat ekonomike, PBB ishjte pothuajse identik me at\u00eb indian, sot \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 5 her\u00eb m\u00eb i madh. Vet\u00ebm eksportet kineze (t\u00eb rritura me 77% nga 2012) vlejn\u00eb sa i gjith\u00eb PBB e Indis\u00eb. Aparatet ushtarake nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb krahasuar p\u00ebr nga sasia dhe cil\u00ebsia. Pra, Pekini nuk ka dyshime: Delhi duhet t\u00eb pranoj\u00eb rolin e numrit dy, por \u00ebsht\u00eb pik\u00ebrisht ajo q\u00eb nacionalisti Modi nuk do.<\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb zhvillim i p\u00ebrshpejtuar dhe nj\u00eb hop cil\u00ebsor teknologjik jan\u00eb dy arm\u00ebt ekonomike q\u00eb d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb vlej\u00eb p\u00ebr ta mbushur pjes\u00ebrisht distanc\u00ebn. Ky mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb viti i kthes\u00ebs me nj\u00eb Indi q\u00eb rritet midis 8% dhe 9% dhe Kin\u00ebs q\u00eb vazhdon t\u00eb ngadal\u00ebsohet friksh\u00ebm. P\u00ebrplasja mbi at\u00eb q\u00eb quhet \u201cLinja e Kontrollit Aktual\u201d, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb kufiri i p\u00ebrkohsh\u00ebm prej 3500 kilometrash p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb Himalaj\u00ebs (p\u00ebrplasja e fundit me grushta, shkelma dhe goditje karateje i p\u00ebrket nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb par\u00eb), po zgjerohet deri n\u00eb deti pasi Kina faktikisht e ka rrethuar gadishullin indian me nj\u00eb seri portesh n\u00eb Gwadar (Pakistan), Hambantota (Sri Lanka), Chittagong (Bangladesh) dhe Kyaukpyu (Mianmar).<\/p>\n<p>E gjitha kjo impakton drejtp\u00ebrs\u00ebdrejti mbi raportet me Rusin\u00eb dhe Shtetet e Bashkuara. Modi ka refuzuar t\u00eb d\u00ebnoj\u00eb pushtimin e Ukrain\u00ebs, por kjo nuk e ka v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb rrezik pjes\u00ebmarrjen e saj n\u00eb QUAD, aleanc\u00ebn me Australin\u00eb, Shtetet e Bashkuara dhe Japonin\u00eb q\u00eb shum\u00eb e konsiderojn\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn e nj\u00eb NATO aziatike e rreshtuar hapur p\u00ebr t\u00eb penguar Perandorin\u00eb e Mesit. Po Moska? Krah\u00ebt e k\u00ebsaj Indie \u2013 Kali zgjaten, BJP ka marr\u00eb komand\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbysur sistemin e pushtetit t\u00eb vendosur nga Nehru dhe nga pinjoll\u00ebt e tij, deri tek italiania Sonia Gandhi, megjithat\u00eb raportet me Rusin\u00eb jan\u00eb bipartiake, por a ekziston v\u00ebrtet nj\u00eb model Modi? Ekspansioni i madh paraqitet nga ideolog\u00ebt pekinez\u00eb si superioritet i sistemit autoritar, e komunizmit t\u00eb tregut. N\u00eb Indi zorra demokratike ka mbuluar rizierjen turbulente t\u00eb tradit\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb novacionit, t\u00eb konservatorizmit dhe modernitetit, q\u00eb ka prodhuar nj\u00eb paraliz\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb. Kastat jan\u00eb abroguar me ligj, por vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb sh\u00ebnoj\u00eb n\u00eb thell\u00ebsin\u00eb e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb; pluripartitizmi parlamentar ka gjeneruar fillimisht hegjemonin\u00eb e Partis\u00eb s\u00eb Kongresit, tani predominimi i partis\u00eb nacional \u2013 hinduiste nga 2014 dhe asnj\u00eb politolog indian parashikon ndryshime nga k\u00ebt\u00eb n\u00eb zgjedhjet e 2024, ndoshta as m\u00eb pas; decentralizimi q\u00eb mund\u00ebson njohjen e diversiteteve etnike, kulturore, religjioze, ia ka l\u00ebn\u00eb vendin konflikteve t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjaksh\u00ebm me sikh\u00ebt, mysliman\u00ebt, pakicat q\u00eb flasin urdu dhe t\u00eb gjitha t\u00eb tjerat; ndryshimi i elitave, karta e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb p\u00ebr demokracit\u00eb liberale, \u00ebsht\u00eb i dob\u00ebt.<\/p>\n<p>Tani veli i Maya \u00ebsht\u00eb shyqer dhe zbulon kontraste t\u00eb reja dhe t\u00eb vjetra. Modi i ka tejkaluar p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur n\u00eb pushtet, m\u00eb pas ka k\u00ebrkuar t\u2019i rikompozoj\u00eb n\u00ebn yzbegun fetar, me nj\u00eb rrug\u00ebtim n\u00eb shum\u00eb aspekte shum\u00eb i ngjash\u00ebm me at\u00eb t\u00eb Erdoganit n\u00eb Turqi. Edhe lideri indian ka debutuar me nj\u00eb banj\u00eb reformiste dhe liberiste p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbuluar nj\u00eb n\u00ebnsfond shtet\u00ebror \u2013 proteksionist q\u00eb rrezikon t\u2019i v\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb rrezik progreset e realizuara. Liberalizimet e para kan\u00eb filluar n\u00eb 1991, qysh at\u00ebhere e prapa \u00ebsht\u00eb ecur p\u00ebrpara midis \u201ceuforis\u00eb dhe d\u00ebshp\u00ebrimit\u201d, ka shkruar \u201cThe Economist\u201d. \u201cIndia nj\u00eb minut\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb Kina e re, nj\u00eb superfuqi q\u00eb shp\u00ebrthen me gjeni biznesor\u00eb. Minuta m\u00eb pas \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb bomb\u00eb dmeografike me sahat e paaft\u00eb t\u00eb gjneroj\u00eb shpresa p\u00ebr gjeneratat e reja. N\u00eb dekad\u00ebn e kaluar ka tejkaluar shum\u00eb vende, megjithat\u00eb e ardhmja e vendit \u00ebsht\u00eb err\u00ebsuar gjithmon\u00eb nga nj\u00eb ndjenj\u00eb moskuptimi\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Konsiderata q\u00eb mund t\u00eb shtrihen shum\u00eb p\u00ebrtej ekonomis\u00eb: fenomene si Bollywood nuk kan\u00eb prodhuar kinema t\u00eb madhe, nj\u00eb grup shkrimtar\u00ebsh ekselent\u00eb apo yje n\u00eb kuptimin e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb fjal\u00ebs, jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb edhe tru n\u00eb arrati dhe s\u00ebrish India gjendet n\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr prej udh\u00ebkryqeve t\u00eb saj. Pandemia ka goditur r\u00ebnd\u00eb me 4 milion e gjysm\u00eb raste dhe gjysm\u00eb milioni t\u00eb vdekur, por shum\u00eb m\u00eb pak se n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara (95 milion raste dhe mbi 1 milion t\u00eb vdekur) apo n\u00eb Europ\u00eb. Vendi \u00ebsht\u00eb riv\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje p\u00ebrpara parashikimit dhe ka treguar shenjat e \u201cnj\u00eb formule t\u00eb re\u201d respektivisht s\u00eb kaluar\u00ebs, sipas s\u00eb p\u00ebrditshmes s\u00eb City. P\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb? Motori \u00ebsht\u00eb rinovimi teknologjik, pak mund t\u00eb num\u00ebrojn\u00eb mbi gjysm\u00eb milioni inxhinier\u00eb n\u00eb vit t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitur sipas t\u00eb gjitha krizmave m\u00eb t\u00eb mira per\u00ebndimore. Dhe me 100 nj\u00ebbrir\u00ebshe (startup jo t\u00eb kuotuara me nj\u00eb t\u00eb ardhur m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb se 1 miliard dollar\u00eb) India \u00ebsht\u00eb e treta n\u00eb bot\u00eb pas Amerik\u00ebs dhe Kin\u00ebs.<\/p>\n<p>Cikli i ri i zhvillimit mb\u00ebshtetet mbi kat\u00ebr shtylla. E para \u00ebsht\u00eb krijimi i nj\u00eb tregu t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb dhe unik ku biznese dhe konsumator\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin nj\u00eb sistem financiar modern. Infrastrukturat kan\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb kontribut themelor, ato fizike si rrug\u00eb, autostrada, hekurudha, aeroporte dhe ato imateriale si nj\u00eb rrjet dixhital unik i krijuar nga shteti, ajka e qeveris\u00eb Modi. Shtylla e dyt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb industria. P\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb India ka shpresuar t\u00eb b\u00ebhet fabrika e bot\u00ebs, por manifaktura ka mbetur rakitike, me rreth 18% t\u00eb PBB. Tani ka filluar nj\u00eb faz\u00eb ekspansioni. Grupet e m\u00ebdha jan\u00eb majat e ajzbergut t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb nga nj\u00eb miriad\u00eb kompanish\u00eb mesatare dhe nga nj\u00eb plate edhe m\u00eb e gjer\u00eb laborator\u00ebsh dhe ofi\u00e7inash. Shtylla e tret\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb teknologjia duke filluar nga sh\u00ebrbimet e telekomunikacionit t\u00eb eksportuar n\u00eb gjysm\u00ebn e bot\u00ebs. Vendi ka investuar shum\u00eb n\u00eb energjit\u00eb alternative dhe \u201craxhah\u00ebt e t\u00eb rinovueshmeve\u201d jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm. K\u00ebrkesa p\u00ebr automjete elektrike e tejkalon gjer\u00ebsisht ofert\u00ebn dhe prodhuesit bot\u00ebror\u00eb f\u00ebrkojn\u00eb duart: indiane\u00ebt jan\u00eb 1 miliard e 400 milion, trash\u00eb trash\u00eb si kinez\u00ebt. Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr mburrje \u00ebsht\u00eb welfare dixhital q\u00eb mund\u00ebson aksesin ndaj mb\u00ebshtetjeve dhe shum\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve direkt pa kaluar n\u00ebp\u00ebr shtres\u00ebn burokratike, nj\u00eb prej t\u00eb k\u00ebqijave historike t\u00eb vendit. Rreth 950 milion njer\u00ebz kan\u00eb p\u00ebrfituar me nj\u00eb mesatare prej 86 dollar\u00ebsh p\u00ebr kok\u00eb, n\u00ebqoft\u00ebse mendohet se linja e varf\u00ebris\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb fiksuar n\u00eb 250 dollar\u00eb n\u00eb vit, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb pak. T\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb radh\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb, vijn\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb varf\u00ebrit.<\/p>\n<p>India varet nga nj\u00eb fluks i vazhduesh\u00ebm kapitalesh p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar deficitin e p\u00ebrhersh\u00ebm n\u00eb bilancin e pagesave. Sistemi financiar megjith\u00ebse i p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar mbete ende i prapambetur. Niveli i ar\u00ebsimit mesatar \u00ebsht\u00eb i ul\u00ebt, n\u00eb kontrast t\u00eb fort\u00eb me p\u00ebrgatitjen e shk\u00eblqyer tekniko \u2013 superiore. Pastaj \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe ai q\u00eb analist\u00ebt e quajn\u00eb stili Modi, m\u00ebnyra e tij e qeverisjes autokratike, frik\u00ebsuese, nacional \u2013 proteksioniste q\u00eb vihet n\u00eb kontradikt\u00eb t\u00eb hapur me vet\u00eb objektivat e shpallur. Politika q\u00eb n\u00eb shum\u00eb aspekte i ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb impuls zhvillimit t\u00eb ri q\u00eb i p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson dikur barr\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb. Lufta e religjionit \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb <em>instrumentum regni<\/em> dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe pjesa q\u00eb konsumon modernizimin e vendit dhe shtrihet si njoll\u00eb vaji, duke ndotur vet\u00eb diaspor\u00ebn si\u00e7 e demonstrojn\u00eb p\u00ebrplasjet e dhunshme n\u00eb Angli midis dy komuniteteve (episodi i fundit n\u00eb Leicester, m\u00eb dat\u00ebn 8 t\u00eb k\u00ebtij muaji).<\/p>\n<p>India e dinastis\u00eb Nehru ishte demokracia m\u00eb e madhe e Azis\u00eb q\u00eb udh\u00ebhiqte vendet n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn e zhvillimit p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb nj\u00eb rruge t\u00eb tret\u00eb midis kapitalizmit dhe komunizmit, midis Lindjes dhe Per\u00ebndimit. Modi nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u2019i b\u00ebj\u00eb d\u00ebshmitarin edhe p\u00ebr faj t\u00eb luft\u00ebs n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb, q\u00eb n\u00eb vend t\u00eb forcoj\u00eb aksin euraziatik kundrejt atij atlantik, si\u00e7 theksojn\u00eb shum\u00eb gjeopolitikan\u00eb edhe tan\u00eb, ka p\u00ebr\u00e7ar\u00eb vet\u00eb BRICS. Akronimi q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb 2001 nga ekonomisti i Goldman Sachs, Jim O\u2019Neill, p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhur ekonomit\u00eb kryesore emergjente t\u00eb at\u00ebhershme: Brazili, Rusia, India, Kina dhe Afrika e Jugut. Aktualisht p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsojn\u00eb 41% t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb, 25% t\u00eb PBB dhe 16% t\u00eb treg\u00ebtis\u00eb bot\u00ebrore. Tani mund t\u2019ju shtohen Irani dhe Argjentina, por interesat e tyre nuk konvergjojn\u00eb. V\u00ebrtet mund ta v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb kriz\u00eb Per\u00ebndimin euro \u2013 amerikan?<\/p>\n<p>Sfida e par\u00eb strategjike ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me monedh\u00ebn. Prej dekadash flitet p\u00ebr ridimensionimin e hegjemonis\u00eb s\u00eb dollarit, tani diskutohet ideja e nj\u00eb valute t\u00eb bazuar mbi l\u00ebnd\u00ebt e para. Prej disa vitesh \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb b\u00ebhet treg\u00ebti n\u00eb tregun kinez t\u00eb naft\u00ebs n\u00eb juan, megjithat\u00eb vazhdon t\u00eb treg\u00ebtohet n\u00eb dollar\u00eb dhe, n\u00eb kuota shum\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta, n\u00eb euro, st\u00ebrlina, jen, jo n\u00eb juan, rubla apo rupie. Prej koh\u00ebsh Kina i ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb sistemi pagesash t\u00eb sajin alternativ ndaj SWIFT, t\u00eb quajtur CIPS. Deri m\u00eb tani aderojn\u00eb 1200 institucione financiare kundrejt mbi 11000 t\u00eb sistemit belg. pekini mund t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetet mbi nj\u00eb basen t\u00eb madh kursimi privat, por pa eksportuar manifaktur\u00eb me \u00e7mim t\u00eb ul\u00ebt nuk rritet. Pa t\u00eb ardhurat e l\u00ebnd\u00ebve t\u00eb para n\u00eb dollar\u00eb dhe n\u00eb euro Moska nuk b\u00ebn p\u00ebrpara. Irani \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebn embargo dhe k\u00ebrkon sponde, nuk ofron. Brazili \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb premtin i p\u00ebrjetsh\u00ebm, Argjentina nj\u00eb rr\u00ebmuj\u00eb e p\u00ebrjetshme, Afrika e Jugut n\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi t\u00eb m\u00ebdha.<\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb diversifikim midis interesave substanciale ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb edhe me energjin\u00eb e sh\u00ebnuar nga nj\u00eb grusht prodhuesish (Rusia dhe Irani mbi t\u00eb gjith\u00eb) q\u00eb mban p\u00ebr fyti konsumator\u00ebt duke filluar nga Kina. P\u00ebr momentin India q\u00ebndron n\u00eb mes. Metani ndikon vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr 7% &#8211; 8% t\u00eb p\u00ebrzierjes s\u00eb burimeve, ai i p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb Indi \u00ebsht\u00eb i l\u00ebngsh\u00ebm dhe vjen me anije. Asnj\u00eb prej gazsjell\u00ebsve siberian\u00eb t\u00eb pranuar q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb realizuesh\u00ebm. Nafta mbulon 30%, n\u00eb dhjetorin e kaluar Moska ka ofruar nj\u00eb pakt bashk\u00ebpunimi strategjik, m\u00eb pas ia ka ofruar naft\u00ebn e skontuar me 20% nj\u00eb vendi q\u00eb nxjerr nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb madhe nafte t\u00eb l\u00ebngshme. Qymyri mbetet burimi kryesor me 54% dhe India \u00ebsht\u00eb prodhuesi i tret\u00eb n\u00eb bot\u00eb pik\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr materialin m\u00eb ndot\u00ebs q\u00eb duhet reduktuar me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb vet\u00eb indian\u00ebt t\u00eb mos mbyten. Nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e leht\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhen k\u00ebto kontradikta dhe sidomos do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e kushtueshme. BJP k\u00ebrkon t\u00eb ushqej\u00eb mitologjin\u00eb tribotiste si dikur kur po t\u00eb angazhuarit n\u00eb fund angazhoheshin me Bashkimin Sovjetik. Por e ardhmja luhet midis Londr\u00ebs dhe (gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb) Uashingtonit. Modi \u201cb\u00ebn indianin\u201d thon\u00eb armiqt\u00eb e tij me nj\u00eb batut\u00eb t\u00eb keqe, por e kupton se nj\u00eb Putin i degdisur n\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00eb refuzuar sigurisht nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb miku i mir\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>(nga <em>Il Foglio<\/em>)<\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u00ebrgatiti<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>ARMIN TIRANA<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hopi i madh i Indis\u00eb s\u00eb Modi p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos q\u00ebndruar prapa Pekinit, por kontrastet dhe ndarjet n\u00ebn mask\u00ebn nacionaliste ndjehen. Buldozer\u00ebt avancojn\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnues, elefant\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj mekanik\u00eb t\u00eb l\u00ebshuar kund\u00ebr barakave n\u00eb lagjen islamike t\u00eb Delhi. Nj\u00eb diell portokalli i saposhfaqur \u00e7pon shtres\u00ebn e smogut t\u00eb l\u00ebng\u00ebt q\u00eb mbulon qytetin n\u00eb muajt e that\u00eb. &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":24282,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24281"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24281"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24281\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24282"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24281"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24281"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foltore.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24281"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}